Afghan Wars; Crimean War, 1853-1856; Egypt -- History -- British occupation, 1882-1936; India -- History -- Sepoy Rebellion, 1857-1858
After the expedition had been decided on, and even after it had
embarked, great difference of opinion existed amongst the generals and
admirals of both nations as to its expediency. The late season of the
year, the want of accurate information as to the actual force of the
Russians and of the condition of the defences of Sebastopol, all were
matters of grave concern. The prevalence of cholera and fever--which
had greatly weakened the allied armies and fleets, and which
continued after leaving Varna--also added to the difficulties. These
considerations, however, were not allowed to prevail, and on August
25 Marshal Saint-Arnaud issued a proclamation to the French army, in
which he said that Providence had called them to the Crimea, a country
healthy as France, and that ere long the three united flags should
float over the ramparts of Sebastopol. Lord Raglan also issued his
instructions, which were as follows: 'The invasion of the Crimea having
been determined on, the troops will embark in such ships as shall be
provided for their conveyance.'
Notwithstanding his proclamation, Saint-Arnaud, even when approaching
the shore of the Crimea, remained in a somewhat vacillating condition
of mind. During the voyage across, he made a signal requesting Lord
Raglan and Admiral Dundas to come and see him on board the 'Ville de
Paris.' They proceeded alongside in the 'Caradoc,' but Lord Raglan,
having only one arm, was unable to go on board.[3] Admiral Dundas,
however, visited Saint-Arnaud, who at the time was very ill and in
great pain, and unable to converse. He handed the Admiral a paper
without signature, in which it was urged that it would be too hazardous
to land in face of a powerful enemy having a numerous cavalry; that the
season was too late for a siege of Sebastopol, which, moreover, was
known to be stronger than anticipated; and that consequently it was
necessary to reconsider the situation and the measures to be adopted.
Admiral Dundas, accompanied by some French generals, then returned to
the 'Caradoc,' and a long debate took place with Lord Raglan, who at
length ended the discussion by declaring that he would not now consent
to alter a decision which had been come to after careful consideration
at the last council at Varna. Without doubt the enterprise was a bold
and dangerous one, undertaken at a late period of the year, with troops
that were physically weak from cholera and fever. The orders of the
French and English Governments were, however, peremptory, and therefore
the allied generals had in reality no option in the matter.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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