Religious Folk-Songs of the Southern NegroesOdum, Howard Washington
Religion
Religious Folk-Songs of the Southern Negroes
Odum, Howard Washington
African Americans -- Music; African Americans -- Southern States -- Music -- History and criticism
This revelation of emotions which the negro shows in his singing but
manifests the reality of his religion. And although the greater part of
his feeling in religion is pleasurable excitement, it is, nevertheless,
for this very reason the one reality in life to him. A study of the
emotional element does not, then, detract from the beauty and value of the
negro's song; it does aid in interpreting that part of his songs that
arise spontaneously and also shows something of their origin and growth.
Indeed without a knowledge of the negro's nature and environment, one
would scarcely realize the fullest appreciation of his folk-songs. In
proportion as the investigator becomes acquainted with the people and
circumstances which have furnished unique folk-songs, to that degree will
he be eager to search out their origin and be able to interpret them
intelligently as they are fundamentally related to the race.
The negro has found much material upon which to base his songs and many
sources from which he has selected a wide range of subject-matter. His
religion is often synonymous with his song, and he has sung with little
restraint the various religious experiences common to such a religion. The
sermon and prayers, even the songs themselves suggest new themes for an
imaginative and religious being to sing. So, too, the Church, the
Christians and the "world" have furnished themes for his song. Sin, evil
and the devil are ever-present subjects for religious thought. The scenes
of everyday life form continuous allegories to be imaged with the
assistance of the negro's definite self-feeling. But perhaps nowhere has
the negro found more acceptable subject-matter for his song than in the
Scriptures; his songs abound in references to scriptural characters and
often portray individuals and scenes with unusual concreteness. A perusal
of the negro's songs thus reveals the most common themes, but it is more
difficult to locate the accidental circumstances which gave rise to
particular forms of a song, or to ascertain the temperamental nature which
originated many of the best known spirituals. In general, it may be said
that the folk-song of the negroes has found its rise in every phase of
negro life. It is scarcely possible to trace the origin of the first
spirituals and plantation songs. The American negroes appear to have had
their own songs from the earliest days of slavery. And while their first
songs were undoubtedly founded upon the African songs as a basis, both in
form and meaning, little trace of them can be found in the present songs:
negro folks produce spontaneous song. The linguist and the anthropologists
are able to find the parallel and apparent origin of many words, that have
been used by the Southern negroes in their lore and song, among the
peoples of Africa, but there is now no practical relation between these
words and the meaning of the words in their present usage. The origin of
folk-song has always been an interesting theme, proving full of
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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