In the autumnal migration the difference in date of arrival, as
compared with last year, may be worth marking. So far as our records
show the Redwing was first noticed a month later, the Blackbird six
weeks, and Thrush three weeks, the Sky Lark a month, Goldcrest twelve
days, Wheatear and Greenfinch five days, the Golden Plover fourteen
days. The following are recorded earlier: the Meadow Pipit by two
weeks. Swallow seventeen days, Starling nineteen days, Wagtail,
Chaffinch, and Linnet a few days. Of the Anatidæ, Ducks are noticed a
few days earlier, Geese considerably later.
It is difficult to say anything positive as to direction of flight,
which is too seldom noted; in case of the Turdidæ scarcely at all.
This in part is owing to many of the instances occurring at night in
the dark. So far as I can make out all birds here follow the coast
line very clearly. The main direction, to judge from the scant records
in September, was southerly; in October one or two directly E.; the
rest E., with more or less of N. With a few marked exceptions the
movement has in almost every species been noticed at the southerly
stations first, and appears gradually to have extended N. Whether this
be accidental or a rule can only be decided by continued and careful
observations from all the stations. Of the _Anatidæ_ and water-birds
the most frequent records are in October, and the direction S.W. and
S., sometimes S.E.; but between Dec. 2nd to 11th, at Morecambe Bay,
they passed N.W. After 11th to end of December S.W.
The best filled returns have this year been received from Morecambe
Bay, Skerries, and Nash E. These observers have also given the fullest
information; Nash especially in showing the direction of flight, a
matter concerning which information is very desirable.
As to the circumstances under which the movement takes place, as
affecting the flight or the striking of birds, &c., the reports bear
out the conclusions previously expressed. Last year Mr. Bowen (Bardsey)
referred to flight of birds before the wind (Rep., p. 119); Mr. Knott
now writes from Skerries, "Many birds are killed in strong winds, as
they then fly with greater force, and almost invariably in the same
direction as the wind." Still the evidence shows that birds, as a rule,
migrate with the wind on the shoulder, and not strong. When they do fly
with the wind, and the wind strong, it is probably because they have
been taken by surprise, and are unable to save themselves.
IRISH COAST: AUTUMN.
Printed schedules were forwarded to forty light stations around the
coast. Thirty stations replied by returning the schedules wholly or
partially filled with daily entries, or by sending letters remarking on
the absence of migratory birds or on their general movements.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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