Report on the Radiolaria Collected by H.M.S. Challenger During the Years 1873-1876, Second Part: Subclass Osculosa; Index: Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger During the Years 1873-76, Vol. XVIIIHaeckel, Ernst
Science
Report on the Radiolaria Collected by H.M.S. Challenger During the Years 1873-1876, Second Part: Subclass Osculosa; Index: Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger During the Years 1873-76, Vol. XVIII
Haeckel, Ernst
Radiolaria
Less important than those quadriradial Tetraplagida and Tetraplectida, are
the sexradial #Plectoidea#, the Hexaplagida and Hexaplectida. These may be
derived immediately from the triradial #Plectoidea# by prolongation of the
three primary original spines (of _Plagiacantha_) over the common central
point. Here also two {903}different kinds of central junction are found. In
the simpler case all six radial spines arise from a common central point
(_Hexaplagia_ and _Hexaplecta_). In the other case the six radial spines
arise from the two poles of a short horizontal common central rod, opposed
in two groups, each of three spines (_Plagonium_ and _Plectanium_, Pl. 91,
figs. 6, 11). In this latter case the single corresponding spines of the
two opposite groups are usually parallel, and exhibit therefore exactly the
same characteristic "germinate-triradiate" form which is found in many
#Beloidea# (_e.g._, in the common _Sphærozoum punctatum_ and the similar
_Lampoxanthium punctatum_).
The fourth and last group of this suborder contains the multiradiate
#Plectoidea#, the Polyplagida and Polyplectida. Here the number of radial
spines, diverging from the common centre, exceeds six, and is commonly
seven to nine, at other times ten to twelve or more (_Polyplagia_ and
_Polyplecta_, Pl. 91, fig. 12). When these two genera are better known from
further accurate observations, they may probably be divided into several
different genera (as already proposed in my Prodromus, 1881), since not
only the number, but also the central junction and the arrangement of the
numerous radial spines in the few observed species seems to be very
different. In some seven-radiate species (_e.g._, _Polyplecta heptacantha_)
four larger spines seem to be true "cortinar spines," the three smaller
secondary productions of the former. In the nine-radiate species the nine
spines seem to be sometimes basal branches of three primary spines, at
other times six secondary intercalated between the three primary (like
_Enneaphormis_, Pl. 57, fig. 9). In those multiradial #Plectoidea#, in
which the number of spines amounts to ten or twelve or more, the laws of
disposition are not yet recognised.
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