The ancients believed in the existence of the body and the soul as independent entities. Each had its own sphere of action and neither one had any relation to the other. This idea has come down to us and is present in all our dealings with our fellow man. Particularly is this the view of government in its tender care of those who are the subjects of its laws. The care and treatment of the body come within the province of the physician. The care and treatment of the soul belong to the priest and the hangman. Whether man has a soul that ever existed or can exist independent of the body may be a question that will remain forever open to occupy our thoughts. But this at least is true: that the condition of the body has the greatest influence over the mental and so-called moral nature of man. The body and mind grow together and decay together. Health in one generally indicates health in the other. The overfeeding or the starvation of the one means the disease of the other. It is doubtful if any mental characteristic or abnormal condition could not be traced to its physical cause either in the individual or his ancestors, if science were far enough advanced. Everyone who is familiar with the inmates of jails and penal institutions has learned to know the type of man that is confined as a criminal. In nearly every case these are inferior physically to the average man. In nearly every case they are also inferior mentally to the average man. One needs but visit our criminal courts day after day to find that the average criminal is a stunted, starved, deficient man. More than this, almost universally they come from the poorer class—men and women reared in squalor and misery and want, surrounded from youth by those who have been compelled to resort to almost any means for life; people who, whatever their own code of ethics, have not been able in their growth to maintain those distinctions in conduct which to the common mind constitutes the difference between lawful and unlawful acts. Here and there, of course, one finds some one in jail who has been differently reared; but these are the exceptions which in no way disprove the rule. These cases too can be traced to their cause like all the rest. There are certain moral diseases like speculation, for instance, that seize on men exactly as the measles or the mumps. These diseases generally flourish in great cities and are not indigenous to country life. Not only are these prisoners deficient in stature and intellect, but the shape of their heads shows them different from other men. As a class their heads are much less symmetrical and what are known as the higher faculties are much less developed than with the ordinary man.