1. Fully pronounce the word _hung_ (_u_ as in _stung_) at once, and prolong the tone, not on the vowel sound but on the _ng_ sound. This establishes the proper head and nasal resonance at the very beginning of the exercise. 2. In passing from _ng_ to _ee_ be very careful not to change the initial focus or lose the sensation of nasal and head resonance. Do not therefore move the lips or the chin. The only change at this point is the slight movement of the tongue required to pronounce _ee_, which must be a pure vowel without a trace of the preceding _g_. 3. In passing from _ee_ to _oo_, from _oo_ to _oh_, and so on, do so with the least possible movement of lips and chin. _The initial sensation of nasal and head resonance must not be lost._ 4. Each vowel sound must be distinct in enunciation and pure in quality. Avoid blurring one with the other. Give each its true individuality. 5. As jewels of different hue hung on a string, so must this exercise be the stringing of vowels on a continuous stream of sound. Exercise I TO ESTABLISH NASAL AND HEAD RESONANCE This is an exercise for focusing or placing the voice and developing the vibrations of the nasal and head cavities, the most essential parts of the resonant apparatus. If the nostrils are kept fully open, no nasal twang will be heard. The strength of the tone will correspond to the force of the vibrations of the nose and head, which can be plainly felt by resting the finger lightly upon the side of the nose. The vibrations may eventually be plainly felt on the top and back of the head. Attack, that is, begin the tone, _softly_ and on no account force it in the least. Pronounce the full word _at once_, prolong the _ng_ four counts as indicated, and sing the five vowel sounds on a continuous, unbroken tone. Articulate entirely with the lips and without moving the under jaw. In this, as in the following exercises, keep the under jaw relaxed and open the mouth so as to separate the teeth as wide apart as is consistent with the action of the lips. See also the illustrations of proper lip position given at the close of Chapter II. _Practice this exercise on any pitch easy for the voice._ [Music illustration: Hung-ee-oo-oh-aw-ah _etc._] Repeat this many times until the nose and head vibrations are fully recognized and established. After mastery of this exercise is acquired, any words ending in _ng_ may be repeated. The word _noon_ sung quietly on each note of the voice with the final consonant prolonged will be found helpful. EXERCISES FOR SPEAKERS When the placing of the voice is accomplished on the one tone (Exercise I), the speaker can go on with practice in reading and reciting, allowing the voice to change its pitch at its will, only being careful that all the tones are alike in quality.