Ritual and belief : $b Studies in the history of religion — John Shaqi
Ritual and belief : $b Studies in the history of religionHartland, Edwin Sidney
Religion
Ritual and belief : $b Studies in the history of religion
Hartland, Edwin Sidney
Ethnopsychology; Magic; Religion; Rites and ceremonies
I do not pause here to adduce illustrations of this attitude towards
the objects surrounding mankind. In any event it would of course be
impossible to illustrate it from prehistoric, not to say primeval,
ages. It is characteristic of modern savages wherever an intimate
acquaintance enables the civilized observer to penetrate into their
_arcana_. Some of them have got no further; others have advanced to
the full stage of animism. Reference may be made to any work in which
the life and ideas of a savage tribe are depicted.
{36}
Not merely was every personality, human and other, endowed with
qualities, but by virtue of those qualities it possessed a
potentiality and an atmosphere of its own. The successful warrior and
huntsman by more than his successes, by his confidence and his brag,
his readiness to quarrel and his vindictiveness, or the many-wintered
elder, wise and slow to wrath, experienced in war and forestry, of
far-reaching purpose and subtle in execution, would be enshrined in a
belief in his powers, surrounded with a halo of which we still see a
dim, a very dim, reflection in the touching regard entertained for a
political leader or the worship paid to an ecclesiastical dignitary.
Nor would this atmosphere surround only important or successful men.
Everyone is conscious of powers of some sort, and everyone would
attribute to others capabilities larger or smaller. Some would possess
in their own consciousness and in the eyes of their fellows a very
small modicum of power for good or evil. The mere glance or voice of
others would inspire terror or confidence. This potentiality, this
atmosphere would often cling with greater intensity to non-human
beings, objective or imaginary. The snake, the bird, the elephant, the
sun, the invisible wind, the unknown wielder of the lightning, would
be richly endowed. None, human or non-human, would (in theory, at
least) be wholly without it.
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