English drama -- Early modern and Elizabethan, 1500-1600; Greene, Robert, 1558-1592
on account of the beautiful eulogy to Elizabeth at the close of the
play, that it must have been intended for presentation at court, Gayley
suggests St Stephen's day, 26th December 1589, as the probable date of
the play's production.
There is an element in the play of _Friar Bacon and Friar Bungay_
which, viewed in the light of the dramatic influences of the times,
reveals again Greene's quickness of apprehension of a significant new
strain in the drama. It is the introduction of Prince Edward, the King
of England, and the Emperor of Germany, into the fabric of his plot.
This play must precede Marlowe's _Edward II._ by several months, and
at this point we are able finally to dissociate Greene's genius from
the direct influence of his great contemporary. In order to develop
this point it may be well to glance hastily at the history of the
chronicle type of play in England to the time of Greene's _James IV._
Plays on subjects drawn from English history had been more or less
common since the production of _Gorboduc_ in 1562. Three Latin plays,
_Byrsa Basilica_ and the two college plays by Thomas Legge, _Richardus
Tertius_, had come somewhat near to the true chronicle type. But it
was not until the latter years of the ninth decade of the century
that dramatists began on any large scale to utilise the history and
mythology of England's kings and wars for the celebrating of her
contemporary glories. Even before the Spanish Armada England had become
conscious of her own power and eager for the display of her prowess. It
was under the stimulus of this growing consciousness of might that the
first true chronicle play, _The Famous Victories of Henry the Fifth_,
was written. In this play a dramatist for the first time displays an
adequate sense of the objective value of the materials derived from
history, combined with that insight into human nature and largeness
of imaginative power that are necessary to make of the dry records of
Holinshed and Stow a moving dramatic story. _The Life and Death of
Jack Straw_, which also probably preceded the Armada in its first
production, is, while not so good as _The Famous Victories_, a play of
vigorous characterisation and native English colouring of historical
events. But we are probably not far from the truth in supposing that
it was the year 1588 that brought the complete development of the
chronicle type. From this year dates the production of the two parts
of _The Troublesome Reign of King John of England_, the date being
indicated by the allusion to _Tamburlaine_ in the prologue. _The
First Part of the Contention betwixt two Famous Houses of York and
Lancaster_, etc., and _The True Tragedy of Richard, Duke of York_,
etc., upon which are based the second and third parts of Shakespeare's
_Henry VI._ trilogy, must be dated little, if any, later. _The
Troublesome Reign_ is known to have been performed by the Queen's men
after the other university men had left Greene alone as representative
of this company.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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