English drama -- Early modern and Elizabethan, 1500-1600; Greene, Robert, 1558-1592
and the hay, and butter, and cheese displays of Harleston fair. "He
was of singular pleasaunce, the very supporter, and, to no man's
disgrace be this intended, the only comedian, of a vulgar writer, in
this country," writes Chettle in _A Kind Hart's Dream_, summing up in
striking phrase the true contemporary judgment of Greene's greatest
distinction. But there is another aspect of his genius. He loved the
active life of out-of-doors, and he indulged a vigorous spirit of
participation in the life around him. But he saw behind things into the
spirit, and his treatment of events is dignified with a rich philosophy
drawn from his manifold contact with the most lavish era in England's
history. To him a drama is more than an isolated and a meaningless
show. In _Francesco's Fortunes_ he outlines the kind of play that he
himself wrote: "Therein they painted out in the persons the course
of the world, how either it was graced with honour, or discredited
with vices." He leaves the hollow-sounding verbiage of his early plays
to comment with the lawyer on "the manners and the fashions of this
age." His _James IV._ is a play of contemplation. Bohan is an early
"malcontent," and Andrew, noting the downfall of his prince, exclaims,
"Was never such a world, I think, before." With the heart of a democrat
Greene understands alike the problems of kings and yeomen. The counsel
of the King of England to Dorothea on the obligations and dangers of
sovereignty is sage and rational, and Ida's comments on the "greatest
good"--that it lies not "in delights, or pomp, or majesty"--are
rich with the best philosophy. In _A Quip for an Upstart Courtier_
Clothbreeches asks, "Doth true virtue consist in riches, or humanity in
wealth? is ancient honour tied to outward bravery? or not rather true
nobility, a mind excellently qualified with rare virtues?" So often is
this note struck in Greene's plays that we might call it a personal one
were it not that it is beginning to appear commonly in the literature
of the time.
Summing up Greene's contribution to the drama of his age we should
say that it lies in the essential comedy of his outlook on life, his
inherent _vis comica_; in his loving insight into human nature in its
familiar aspects; in his distrust of exaggeration and his tendency
to turn this to burlesque; and in his beautiful philosophy of the
eternal verities. Out of the drama of Greene there developed the new
romantic comedy of Shakespeare and the realism of joy of domestic
drama. After _George-a-Greene_ there came the Huntingdon plays of
Munday and Chettle, in which the woodland knight, Robin Hood, appears
again. After _Friar Bacon and Friar Bungay_ there came _Fair Em, A
Knack to Know a Knave, John-a-Kent and John-a-Cumber,_ and Dekker's
_Shoemaker's Holiday_. Heywood and Samuel Rowley and Munday and Dekker
and the author of _The Merry Devil of Edmonton_ share with Shakespeare
indisputable strains of his individual note.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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