Our Debt to Greece and Rome EDITORS GEORGE DEPUE HADZSITS, PH.D. _University of Pennsylvania_ DAVID MOORE ROBINSON, PH.D., LL.D. _The Johns Hopkins University_ [Illustration] CONTRIBUTORS TO THE “OUR DEBT TO GREECE AND ROME FUND,” WHOSE GENEROSITY HAS MADE POSSIBLE THE LIBRARY Our Debt to Greece and Rome _Philadelphia_ DR. ASTLEY P. C. ASHHURST JOHN C. BELL HENRY H. BONNELL JASPER YEATES BRINTON JOHN CADWALADER MISS CLARA COMEGYS MISS MARY E. CONVERSE ARTHUR G. DICKSON WILLIAM M. ELKINS WILLIAM P. GEST JOHN GRIBBEL SAMUEL F. HOUSTON JOHN STORY JENKS ALBA B. JOHNSON MISS NINA LEA GEORGE MCFADDEN MRS. JOHN MARKOE JULES E. MASTBAUM J. VAUGHAN MERRICK EFFINGHAM B. MORRIS WILLIAM R. MURPHY JOHN S. NEWBOLD S. DAVIS PAGE (_memorial_) OWEN J. ROBERTS JOSEPH G. ROSENGARTEN JOHN B. STETSON, JR. DR. J. WILLIAM WHITE (_memorial_) The Philadelphia Society for the Promotion of Liberal Studies. _Boston_ ORIC BATES (_memorial_) FREDERICK P. FISH WILLIAM AMORY GARDNER JOSEPH CLARK HOPPIN _Chicago_ HERBERT W. WOLFF _Cincinnati_ CHARLES PHELPS TAFT _Detroit_ JOHN W. ANDERSON DEXTER M. FERRY, JR. _New York_ JOHN JAY CHAPMAN WILLARD V. KING THOMAS W. LAMONT ELIHU ROOT MORTIMER L. SCHIFF WILLIAM SLOANE And one contributor, who has asked to have his name withheld: _Maecenas atavis edite regibus, O et praesidium et dulce decus meum._ _Washington_ The Greek Embassy at Washington, for the Greek Government. ROMAN POLITICS BY FRANK FROST ABBOTT _Kennedy Professor of Latin Language and Literature_ _Princeton University_ [Illustration] MARSHALL JONES COMPANY BOSTON · MASSACHUSETTS COPYRIGHT · 1923 · BY MARSHALL JONES COMPANY _All rights reserved_ Printed May, 1923 THE PLIMPTON PRESS · NORWOOD · MASSACHUSETTS PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE CONTRIBUTORS TO THE FUND ii I. THE ROMAN SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT 1. Pre-Augustan 3 2. Post-Augustan 31 II. ROMAN POLITICS AND MODERN POLITICS 1. Rome and the Church of Rome 47 2. The Individual and the State 51 3. On Constitutions 67 4. The Legislative and Executive Branches of Government 74 i. Resemblances between Ancient and Modern 74 ii. Differences between Ancient and Modern 80 5. The Judiciary 95 6. Conception of Citizenship 103 i. In Times of Peace 103 ii. In Times of War 106 7. Taxation and Finance 108