III. THE PEASANTRY 46 IV. THE CLERGY 71 V. RELIGIOUS LIFE AND WORSHIP 95 VI. HIS IMPERIAL MAJESTY THE TSAR 118 VII. A PATERNAL GOVERNMENT 139 VIII. THE STEPPES 162 IX. RUSSIA'S PROBLEM 186 X. THE ANGLICAN CHURCH IN RUSSIA 205 XI. THE JEWS 228 XII. OUR COUNTRYMEN IN THE EMPIRE 248 INDEX 268 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS HIS IMPERIAL MAJESTY THE TSAR _Frontispiece_ RUSSIA'S GREAT SPACES--WINTER _facing page_ 4 RUSSIA'S GREAT SPACES--SUMMER " " 8 THE KREMLIN " " 21 THE GATE OF THE REDEEMER, MOSCOW " " 29 A WELL-CLAD COACHMAN " " 33 A VILLAGE SCENE " " 46 THE METROPOLITAN OF MOSCOW " " 71 THE CONVENT AT EKATERINBURG, SIBERIA " " 78 THE ABBESS MAGDALENA " " 84 THE RUSSIAN PRIEST AT SPASSKY " " 90 S. ISAAC'S CATHEDRAL, PETROGRAD " " 95 INTERIOR OF A RUSSIAN CHURCH " " 102 THE CATHEDRAL AT RIGA " " 112 HER IMPERIAL MAJESTY THE TSARITSA " " 118 HIS IMPERIAL HIGHNESS THE TSAREVITCH ALEXEI " " 125 HER IMPERIAL HIGHNESS THE GRAND DUCHESS ELIZABETH, THE FRIEND OF THE POOR " " 139 CHARACTERISTIC GROUP OF RUSSIANS " " 144 A GROUP OF RUSSIAN PEASANTS " " 152 CONSECRATION OF BURIAL GROUND IN THE SIBERIAN STEPPES " " 162 OUTSIDE A KIRGHIZ UERTA " " 166 TARANTASS WITH ITS TROIKA FOR THE STEPPES " " 170 INSIDE A KIRGHIZ UERTA " " 180 RUSSIAN SERVICE AT THE ATBAZAR MINE " " 186 A CLASS OF RUSSIAN STUDENTS WITH TEACHER " " 195 THE ENGLISH CHURCH OF S. ANDREW, MOSCOW " " 205 THE BISHOP AND RUSSIAN CHAUFFEUR " " 216 THE BRITISH COMMUNITY AT ATBAZAR, SIBERIA " " 224 THE ARCHBISHOP OF WARSAW " " 228 A POLISH JEW " " 236 CAMELS AT WORK--SUMMER " " 256 CAMELS AT WORK--WINTER " " 262 MAP _at end_ RUSSIAN LIFE TO-DAY CHAPTER I RUSSIA'S GREAT SPACES