1. Words with an _u_ (o)-vowel in English that have _i_ in Aberdeen dialect: _ither_, "other"; _mither_, "mother"; _tribble_ (O. Fr. _troble_), "trouble"; _kwintra_ (O. Fr. _contree_), "country"; _dis_, "does" (3. s. of "do"); _hiz_, "us"; _dizzen_ (O. Fr. _dozaine_), "dozen"; _sipper_ (O. Fr. _soper_), "supper." Here we may also include, _pit_, "to put"; _fit_, "foot." _Buik_, "book," seems to show the intermediate stage, cp. also _tyeuk_, "took." On the other hand O.E. _broðer_ > _breeder_; (_ge_)_-don_ > _deen_; _judge_ (O. Fr. _juger_) > _jeedge_, all of which have a short vowel in English recent speech. 2. Words with _ĭ_ in Eng. that have _ŭ_ in Aberdeen dialect: _full_, "to fill"; _spull_, "to spill"; _buzness_ (cp. O.E. _bȳsig_), "business"; _wutness_, "witness"; _wull_, "will" (vb.); _wunna_, "will not"; _wutty_, "witty"; _chucken_, "chicken"; _fusky_ (Gael. _usquebah_), "whiskey"; _sun_, "sin." 3. Words with _ōō_ (or _iu_) in Eng. have _ee_ (_ī_) in Aberdeen dialect: _seer_ (O. Fr. _sur_), "sure"; _seen_, "soon"; _refeese_ (O. Fr. _refuser_), "refuse"; _peer_ (O. Fr. _poure_), "poor"; _yeel_ (M.E. _ȝole_), "yule"; _reed_ (O.E. _rōd_), "rood"; _eese_ (O. Fr. _us_), "use"; _shee_ (O.E. _scēo_), "shoe"; _adee_, "ado"; _tee_, "too"; _aifterneen_, "afternoon"; _skweel_, "school"; _reet_ (O.E. _rōt_), "root"; _constiteetion_, "constitution." Cp. also _gweed_ (O.E. _gōd_), "good." The _w_ in _gweed_, _skweel_, shows again the process of change from _o_ to _ee_. _U_ in _buik_ and _w_ in _kwintra_ also seem to represent the _u_-element that is left in the sound. In words like _refeese_, _keerious_, etc., where _ee_ is from Fr. _u_, the sound is quite easily explained. So _fusky_ from _usquebah_. _Full_, from O.E. _fyllan_, and _buzness_ are interesting. 18. INORGANIC _Y_ IN SCOTCH. Many words have developed a _y_ where originally there was none. This phenomenon is, however, closely connected with _e_-_i_-fracture from original _ā̆_. _Y_ we find appears often before _a_ (from original _ā̆_). It is, then, simply the development of the _e_-_i_-fracture into a consonant + _a_, and may be represented thus: O.E. _āc_ ("oak") > _ę̄c_ > _ēc_ > _ēǝc_ > _iǝc_ > _yak_. (See also Murray D.S.C.S., 105). Cp. _yance_ and _yence_, "once"; _yell_, "ale"; _yak_, "ache." This also appears in connection with fracture other than that from O.E. _ā_: cp. _yirth_, _yird_, for "earth." 19. _D_ FOR THE SPIRANT _TH_.