Imperial interest in schools, 36, 84, 85, 113, 135 ff., 146. Inscriptions, 4, 15, 45, 46, 99, 161, 182, 203, 221, 242. Intermarriage, between Roman and barbarian, 21 (ff. 248, 249) between different classes in society, 127. Invasions, 37, 47, 243 ff. affect education through slaughter of children, 248. _J._ Jurisdiction, civil, passes over to Church, 152. _K._ Κατηγορία (rhetoric), 78. Knowledge, low general standard of, 124 ff., 175, 181, 190. widespread among Christians, 40, 42, 43, 54, 177, 178, 179, 196. made a matter of class by Celts, 13, 14. affected by imperial protection, advantageously, 135 ff.; disadvantageously, 144 ff. Κοινόβιοι, original idea of monastery, 177. Κοινὸς τόπος (rhetoric), 76. _L._ Labour, manual, 155, 195. La Tène Civilization, 14. Law, Arles a centre of, 83. connexion with imperial policy, 84. increased interest in, during fifth century, 82. Justinian on teaching of, 84, 85. Civil magistrates drawn from profession of, 85. Roman, passes into Church, 153. students of, go to Rome, 83, 84, 241. few teachers of, 82. Lawyers, as lecturers (_antecessores_), of Massilia, 82. bad reputation of, 86, 87. Lector, 181, 183. ordination and qualifications of, 184. Lérins, education at, 177, 179, 180, 187, 190, 195. Lesson, method of conducting in pagan schools, 60. Literature, enthusiasm for, 43, 131, 140. pagan, banned by Christians, 169 ff., 206, 260; reason for exclusive attitude toward, 170, 171; partially accepted by wiser Christians, 172, 173, 188; form of, used by Christians, 189. Litterae formatae, 223. _Litterator_ (elementary teacher), 105. _Locus communis_, κοινὸς τόπος, 76. _Vergilianus_, 69. Ludi Florales, 108. λύσεις (rhetoric), 78. _M._ Maeniana, meaning of, 38. school at Autun, 38, 41, 100, 102. Magic, in medicine, 88. Manumissions, in Church, 152. Maps, 66, 67. imperial use of, 66, 215, 216. Martyrum, Acta, 9, 185, 210. Masses, ignorance of, 130, 131, 175, 190. Massilia, art of, 5. coins of, 4. culture of, 6. Christian place of refuge, 10, 177, 178, 200 note. doctors of, 87. educational centre, 6, 7. lawyers of, 82. languages of, 8, 9. part placed by, 9. friendship with Rome, 5. teachers of, 8. contrasted with surrounding tribes, 7. effect on surrounding tribes, 7, 8. St. Victor, monastery of, at, 10, 177, 178. Mathematics, of primary school, 60. came to Rome from Egypt, 89. Medicine, studied by Ausonius’s aunt, 41. influence of Massilia on, 87. a lucrative profession, 89. prominence of provincials in, 89. no separate school of, 87. superstition in, 88. Memory, place of, in ancient education, 91, 92. Mendicancy, law against, 155. _Merces_ (fees), 115. Mercury, worshipped in early Gaul, 11 ff.