Schools of Gaul in the last century of the Western Empire : $b A study of pagan and Christian education in the last century of the Western empire — John Shaqi
Schools of Gaul in the last century of the Western Empire : $b A study of pagan and Christian education in the last century of the Western empireHaarhoff, T. J. (Theodore Johannes)
History
Schools of Gaul in the last century of the Western Empire : $b A study of pagan and Christian education in the last century of the Western empire
Haarhoff, T. J. (Theodore Johannes)
Education, Ancient -- France; Gaul -- History -- 58 B.C.-511 A.D.
During the second century education continued to flourish. Lucian[213]
introduces a Gaul οὐκ ἀπαίδευτος τὰ ἡμέτερα ... ἀκριβῶς Ἑλλάδα φωνὴν
ἀφιείς, φιλόσοφος, ὡς οἶμαι, τὰ ἐπιχώρια, who discourses in learned
fashion on the question whether Mercury or Hercules should be the patron
god of the art of speaking. It was the time of the wandering rhetor—‘die
zweite Sophistik’—and Greek flourished under the patronage of the
philhellenic Hadrian. Aulus Gellius has left us a picture of the pupils
escorting the sophist from place to place. ‘Nos ergo familiares eius
circumfusi undique eum prosequebamur domum’;[214] and in the case of
Favorinus at Rome they went about with him ‘spellbound, as it were, by
his eloquence’.[215] Intercourse was quite free and easy and not always
serious: ‘in litteris amoenioribus et in voluptatibus pudicis honestisque
agitabamus.’[216] These literary clubs set the fashion for the rhetorical
schools and perpetuated the distinctive methods of the Greek- and
Latin-speaking sophist-rhetorician—‘rhetoricus sophista, utriusque
linguae callens’.[217]
Almost all records of the Gallic rhetors during this interesting period
have been lost. The letters of Valerius Paulinus, of Geminus, of
Trebonius Rufinus to the younger Pliny, the orations of the lawyers,
the books of the famous philosopher Favorinus, the poems of Sentius
Augurinus, have all perished. Only the work of L. Annaeus Florus has come
down to us.[218] Yet the general trend of education may be discerned.
If one great feature of this century was the wandering sophist, another
was the power of the Christian religion, whose influence went forth
from Lyons in particular, where Irenaeus was predominant. ‘Christi
religio novam admovit oratorum ingenio facem.’[219] This influence has
been exaggerated, especially by eighteenth-century writers. One of them
lays stress on the revival of the finer accomplishments as a result of
this influence, and on the dignity and polish of language in which the
Christian writers agreed with the ancients.[220] This is manifestly an
overstatement: the Church on the whole had neither the time nor the
inclination to pay much attention to ‘elegantiora studia’; its attention
was directed to the search for truth and it is hence that its real
inspiration to education came.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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