Schools of Hellas: An Essay on the Practice and Theory of Ancient Greek Education from 600 to 300 B. C.Freeman, Kenneth J. (Kenneth John)
History
Schools of Hellas: An Essay on the Practice and Theory of Ancient Greek Education from 600 to 300 B. C.
Freeman, Kenneth J. (Kenneth John)
Education, Greek
“_B._ I can tell you clearly. For at the Panathenaia I saw a
herd (ἀγέλη [agelê]: note the Spartan word) of lads in the
gymnasium of the Akademeia, and listened to strange,
portentous arguments. They were drawing up definitions about
natural history. They separated the life of animals and the
nature of trees and the tribes of vegetables: then, among
these last, they inquired to what tribe the cucumber
belonged.… First of all they stood speechless, and, putting
their heads down, thought for a long time. Then suddenly,
while the lads still had their heads down, and were
thinking, one of them said it was a circular vegetable,
another declared that it was a herb, another suggested a
tree. A Sicilian Doctor who was present ridiculed them most
rudely. But the lads took no notice; and Plato, very gently
and without losing his temper at all, told them to try again
to define the species to which it belonged. So they began
their divisions again.”
In the _Sophist_ the mysterious stranger divides Art into (1) creative
or productive, (2) acquisitive. Then acquisitive art into (1)
acquisition by exchange, (2) acquisition by capture. Then the art
which acquires its object by capture is divided into public or
competitive and secret or hunting. Then, when hunting has been duly
divided and subdivided, a definition of angling is obtained. In the
parody by Epikrates, the same process is employed in order to define
“cucumber,” although the stages are, of course, confused. A cucumber
is a form of life. Life is divided into animals and vegetation:
vegetation into trees and vegetables. Then the doubt arises, to which
half does the cucumber belong. Some of the pupils say it is a
vegetable, some a tree. So the lesson begins again.
Plato’s pupils seem to have been expected to take great care of their
personal appearance: their neatness is a common butt of contemporary
comedians[580]:――
Then rose a smart young man from the Akademeia
Of Plato.…
His hair was neatly smoothed, his foot was neatly
Laced in the sandal, bound with even lengths
Of shoe-lace curved about his ankle-bones:
And neat the corselet of his weighty cloak.
And again:
_A._ Who’s that old fellow yonder, do you know?
_B._ He looks a Hellene, wears a mantle white,
A fair grey tunic, little soft felt hat,
A well-tuned[581] staff, in fact, to put it short,
’Tis like a glimpse of the “Academy.”[582]
Of Plato himself, as he walked up and down among his pupils, wrestling
with intellectual difficulties, several pictures survive in
literature. A character in Alexis[583] remarks to a friend who has
come to visit him:
You’ve come in the nick of time. I’m in a fix.
Though walking up and down, like Plato, I’ve
Found nothing clever: but my legs are tired.[584]
Amphis, in his _Dexidemides_, said:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account