[12] Xen. _Hellen._ v. 3. 9. [13] Plato, _Rep._ 520 D. [14] Plut. _Kleom._ 8. [15] Aristoph. _Knights_, 635, 695 (with Schol. on 697, φορτικὸν ὀρχήσεως εῖδος [phortikon orchêseôs eidos]); Eurip. _Bacch._ 1060. [16] Xen. _Hellen._ v. 3. 9. [17] Xen. _Constit. of Lak._ iii. 3; _Hellen._ v. 4. 32. [18] Xen. _Constit. of Lak._ iii. 3. [19] “Agelai” of young men are mentioned by inscriptions at Miletos and Smurna [Böckh, 2892, 3326]; there may have been boarding-schools somewhat resembling those of Sparta at these towns for young men. [20] μαστιγόφοροι [mastigophoroi]. Xen. _Constit. of Lak._ ii. 2. Aristotle calls Paidonomoi an aristocratic institution. They existed in Crete, and inscriptions mention them in Karia, Teos, and many other places. [21] Plut. _Lukourgos_, 16. Hesychius declares that the Bouâgor was a boy, so the word cannot mean the Eiren, who was over twenty. [22] Plut. _Lukourgos_, 17; Xen. _Constit. of Lak._ ii. 11. [23] In which case the Eiren corresponds closely to the Cretan Agelates. [24] _Lukourgos_, 16; _Lac. Institutions_, 247. [25] Isok. _Panath._ 276 D. [26] _Panath._ 285 C. [27] Plato, _Hippias Maj._ 285 C. [28] Sext. Empir. _Mathem._ 2, § 21. [29] Plut. _Lukourgos_, 19-20. [30] Plato, _Protag._ 342 E. [31] Plato, _Laws_, 680 D. Crete repudiated Homer altogether. [32] Luk. _against Leokrates_, 107. The Polemarchos was judge in these singing competitions, and the winner received a bit of meat (Philochoros in Athen. 630 f.). [33] Plato, _Laws_, 633 E. [34] Plut. _Apoph._ [35] Xen. _Anab._ iv. 6. 14. [36] Isok. _Panath._ 277. [37] κρυπτεία, κρυπτή [krypteia, kryptê]. [38] Plato, _Laws_, 633 C. [39] Plut. _Lukourgos_, 28. Isokrates merely mentions that the Ephors could kill as many Helots as they liked (_Panath._ 271 B). [40] Plut. _Kleom._ 28. [41] Thuc. iv. 80. [42] Plato, _Laws_, 763 B. Some have supposed that κρυπτοί [kryptoi] is an interpolation. If so, the resemblance must have been close enough to strike a commentator who knew Lakedaimon, in spite of the fact that the ages in the two systems are different. [43] Polukrates (in Athen. 139 e). [44] Aristot. _Pol._ viii. 4; Plut. _Luk._ 19. [45] Plut. _Apoph._ 233 E. Plato adopts the Spartan views about wrestling in the _Laws_. [46] Plato, _Laches_, 183 D, E. [47] Plato, _Theait_. 162 B and 169 B. [48] Xen. _Constit. of Lak._ v. 8. [49] Athen. xii. 550 d. Their dress and bedding was inspected at the same time. [50] Pausan. iii. 11. 2. βίδεος [bideos], Böckh, 1241, 1242; βίδυος [bidyos], 1254. [51] Aristot. _Pol._ viii. 4. 1. [52] Xen. _Constit. of Lak._ v. 9. [53] Herod. ix. 72.