Science and poetryRichards, I. A. (Ivor Armstrong)
History
Science and poetry
Richards, I. A. (Ivor Armstrong)
English poetry -- 20th century -- History and criticism; Poetry
The root of this persistent endeavour has still to be mentioned; it
is the same as that from which the Magical View of the world arose.
If we give to a pseudo-statement the kind of unqualified acceptance
which belongs by right only to certified scientific statements, if
we can contrive to do this, the impulses and attitudes with which we
respond to it gain a notable stability and vigour. Briefly, if we can
contrive to believe poetry, then the world _seems_, while we do so,
to be transfigured. It used to be comparatively easy to do this, and
the habit has become well established. With the extension of science
and the neutralization of nature it has become difficult as well
as dangerous. Yet it is still alluring; it has many analogies with
drug-taking. Hence the endeavours of the critics referred to. Various
subterfuges have been devised along the lines of regarding Poetic Truth
as figurative, symbolic; or as more immediate, as a truth of Intuition,
not of reason; or as a higher form of the same truth as reason yields.
Such attempts to use poetry as a denial or as a corrective of science
are very common. One point can be made against them all: they are
never worked out in detail. There is no equivalent to Mill’s _Logic_
expounding any such view. The language in which they are framed is
usually a blend of obsolete psychology and emotive exclamations.
The long-established and much-encouraged habit of giving to emotive
utterances--whether pseudo-statements simple, or looser and larger
wholes taken as saying something figuratively--the kind of assent which
we give to established facts, has for most people debilitated a wide
range of their responses. A few scientists, caught young and brought
up in the laboratory, are free from it; but then, as a rule, they pay
no _serious_ attention to poetry. For most men the recognition of
the neutrality of nature brings about--through this habit--a divorce
from poetry. They are so used to having their responses propped up by
beliefs, however vague, that when these shadowy supports are removed
they are no longer able to respond. Their attitudes to so many
things have been forced in the past, over-encouraged. And when the
world-picture ceases to assist there is a collapse. Over whole tracts
of natural emotional response we are to-day like a bed of dahlias whose
sticks have been removed. And this effect of the neutralisation of
nature is only in its beginnings. Consider the probable effects upon
love-poetry in the near future of the kind of enquiry into basic human
constitution exemplified by psycho-analysis.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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