Science and the modern worldWhitehead, Alfred North
Religion
Science and the modern world
Whitehead, Alfred North
Science
In respect to the ingression of _Α_ into an actual occasion α, the
mutual relationships of _Α_ to other eternal objects, as thus graded in
realisation, require for their expression a reference to the status of
_Α_ and of the other eternal objects in the spatio-temporal
relationship. Also this status is not expressible (for this purpose)
without a reference to the status of α and of other actual occasions in
the same spatio-temporal relationship. Accordingly the spatio-temporal
relationship, in terms of which the actual course of events is to be
expressed, is nothing else than a selective limitation within the
general systematic relationships among eternal objects. By ‘limitation,’
as applied to the spatio-temporal continuum, I mean those matter-of-fact
determinations—such as the three dimensions of space, and the four
dimensions of the spatio-temporal continuum—which are inherent in the
actual course of events, but which present themselves as arbitrary in
respect to a more abstract possibility. The consideration of these
general limitations at the base of actual things, as distinct from the
limitations peculiar to each actual occasion, will be more fully resumed
in the chapter on ‘God.’
Further, the status of all possibility in reference to actuality
requires a reference to this spatio-temporal continuum. In any
particular consideration of a possibility we may conceive this continuum
to be transcended. But in so far as there is any definite reference to
actuality, the definite _how_ of transcendence of that spatio-temporal
continuum is required. Thus primarily the spatio-temporal continuum is a
locus of relational possibility, selected from the more general realm of
systematic relationship. This limited locus of relational possibility
expresses one limitation of possibility inherent in the general system
of the process of realisation. Whatever possibility is generally
coherent with that system falls within this limitation. Also whatever is
abstractedly possible in relation to the general course of events—as
distinct from the particular limitations introduced by particular
occasions—pervades the spatio-temporal continuum in every alternative
spatial situation and at all alternative times.
Fundamentally, the spatio-temporal continuum is the general system of
relatedness of all possibilities, in so far as that system is limited by
its relevance to the general fact of actuality. Also it is inherent in
the nature of possibility that it should include this relevance to
actuality. For possibility is that in which there stands achievability,
abstracted from achievement.
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