Scientific American, September 29, 1883 Supplement. No. 404Various
Science
Scientific American, September 29, 1883 Supplement. No. 404
Various
Science -- Periodicals
_The Feed-Water Heater_ (Figs. 1 and 2).--The exhaust from the small
cylinder enters the heater through a pipe, _r_, 140 millimeters
in diameter. This feed-water heater consists of a large cast iron
cylinder, 400 millimeters in internal diameter, and 1.15 meters in
length, connected with the pipe, _r_, on the one hand, and with the
cylinder, C, on the other, by means of two couplings, R' and R². In
its interior are arranged 60 copper tubes, of 29 millimeters internal,
and 31½ millimeters external diameter. These tubes are fixed at their
extremities into two circular supports that are riveted to the interior
of the cylinder. The exhaust from the small cylinder passes into these
tubes, around which circulates steam coming directly from the boiler
through the tube, _r'_, and escapes toward the bottom, with the
condensed water, through the tube, _r²_. The heater is surrounded with
a 2 mm. plate iron jacket.
A communication, _r³_, with a valve-cock, R³, permits of the
introduction, into the large cylinder, of the steam from the heater.
The exhaust steam from the large cylinder goes directly to the
condenser, but there is likewise provided a pipe through which it may
make its exit into the open air, in case, for example, the condenser
needs repairing or there is a failure of water.
_The Condenser_ (Figs. 1, 2, and 4).--The condenser is represented,
half in section and half in external view and in elevation in Fig. 1,
and in plan in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a transverse view of it. It consists
of a large cast iron chest, D, bolted by means of its flanged base to
a masonry support. This chest is cast in a piece with a pump chamber,
D', in which works a piston mounted on the prolongation, _d'_, of the
piston-rod of the cylinder, C. The diameter of this piston is 210
millimeters, and its stroke is 650. The condensing jet, whose flow is
regulated by the cock, _d²_, is brought into contact with the steam by
a rose, _d³_, which divides it into small drops.
The pump is a double acting one. Its valves are of rubber, and the
passage-way allowed the water is, in each of them, in section, one-half
that of the piston. The rod, _d'_, slides in a stuffing-box, with
metallic lining, which is shown in Fig. 10.
_Lubrication._--The lubrication of the crank-pin presents some
peculiarities. Two stationary cups, _z_, are placed at the upper
part of the guides, as seen in Fig. 3. These distribute their oil,
drop by drop, into two reservoirs, _z'_, fixed to the upper axis
of the vertical connecting-rod. Two small brass tubes, resting
against the connecting-rod, lead the lubricator into cavities in the
head of the horizontal connecting-rod, M'. One of these cavities
corresponds to the crank-pin and the other to the lower axis of the
vertical connecting-rod. The lubrication of the cylinders is effected
automatically by means of a Consolin apparatus (Fig. 1), based upon the
condensation of the steam and upon the difference between the density
of the oil and condensed water.
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