Scientific American Supplement, No. 443, June 28, 1884 — John Shaqi
Scientific American Supplement, No. 443, June 28, 1884Various
Science
Scientific American Supplement, No. 443, June 28, 1884
Various
Science -- Periodicals
Taking in consideration the facts that solid paraffin is found in
petroleum and is also found in coal, and from my own work that phenol
exists in _Pinus sylvestris_, and has been found by others in coal
which is produced from the decomposition of a flora containing
numerous gigantic coniferae allied to Pinus, and that petroleum
contains phenol, and each (i.e., petroleum and coal) contains a number
of hydrocarbons common to both, I am inclined to think that the
balance of evidence is in favor of the hypothesis that petroleum has
been produced in nature from a vegetable source in the interior of the
globe. Of course, there can be no practical or direct evidence as to
the origin of petroleum; therefore "theories are the only lights with
which we can penetrate the obscurity of the unknown, and they are to
be valued just as far as they illuminate our path."
In conclusion, I think that there is a connecting link between the old
pine and fir forest of bygone ages and the origin of petroleum in
nature.--_Chemical News._
* * * * *
THE SCHOOL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF PARIS.
Recently we paid a visit to the New Municipal School of Physics and
Chemistry that the city of Paris founded in 1882, and that is now in
operation in the large building of the old Rollin College. This
establishment is one of those that supply a long-felt want of our
time, and we are happy to make it known to our readers. The object for
which it was designed was, in the intention of its founders, to give
young people who have just graduated from the higher primary schools
special instruction which shall be at once scientific and practical,
and which shall fit them to become engineers or superintendents in
laboratories connected with chemical and physical industries. To reach
such a result it has been necessary to give the teaching an
essentially practical character, by permitting the pupils to proceed
of themselves in manipulations in well fitted laboratories. It is upon
this important point that we shall now more particularly dwell; but,
before making known the general mode of teaching, we wish to quote a
few passages from the school's official programme:
"Many questions and problems, in physics as well as in chemistry,
find their solution only with the aid of mathematics and
mechanics. It therefore became necessary, through lectures
bearing upon the useful branches of mathematics, to supplement
the too limited ideas that pupils brought with them on entering
the school. Mathematics and mechanics are therefore taught here
at the same time with physics and chemistry, but they are merely
regarded in the light of auxiliaries to the latter.
"The studies extend over three years. Each of the three divisions
(1st, 2d, and 3d years) includes thirty pupils.
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