Scientific American Supplement, No. 821, September 26, 1891Various
Science
Scientific American Supplement, No. 821, September 26, 1891
Various
Science -- Periodicals
2. Beverage, far from being suppressed, should be augmented, in order to
facilitate stomachal digestion and promote general nutrition, though
alcoholic liquids must be inhibited; likewise mineral waters, except,
perhaps, for occasional use. Both should be replaced by infusions of
coffee or tea, taken as hot as can be drank.
Henrich Kisch insists that any method which promises rapid and marked
decrease of adipose must, _per se_, be objectionable, even if not
positively injurious, since it tends to provoke general troubles of
nutrition. He suggests that first the fats and hydrocarbons be reduced
as little as possible; that a moderate mixed regimen is required,
containing a preponderance of albumen, small quantities of hydrocarbons
and gelatinous matters, with but very little fat. Certain fatty meats,
however, should be generally interdicted, such as pork sausage, smoked
beef tongue, goose breast, smoked ham, fat salmon, and herring in any
form. Eggs, however, may be partaken of in moderation, giving preference
to the albumen over the yelk. Farinaceous foods, in the main, should be
rejected, even bread being allowed only in small quantities, and then
preferably in the form of toast. Cheese likewise contains too much fat;
and mushrooms are so rich in hydrocarbons that they should be rejected.
Condiments, water, vegetable acids (vinegars excepted) may be permitted;
especially pernicious is vinegar where there is any tendency to gout or
gravel. All fatty beverages--_bouillon_, unskimmed milk, chocolate, or
cacao--and all alcoholics, are hurtful; breakfast tea is undoubtedly the
best beverage, but, after a little, is advantageously replaced by light
white wine diluted with water.
Kisch believes in a free and abundant use of water by the obese,
especially where there is a tendency to plethora, since this fluid
facilitates oxidation as the result of absorption; thus he advocates the
inhibition of large quantities of cold water by all, save those
presenting evidence of cardiac insufficiency. In short, his regimen is
based upon the administration of a large quantity of albumen, like that
of Harvey-Banting.
E. Munk recommends an almost identical dietary, save that he prefers
great moderation in fluids employed as beverage.
M. Robin has sought to harmonize the opposing views regarding fluids,
and therefore declares obesity arises from two distinct sources: 1.
Augmentation of assimilation. 2. Reduced disassimilation. In the former,
he insists water must be interdicted, while in the latter it may be
allowed _ad libitum_.
Again, in order to recognize the exact variety of obesity, he divides
his patients into three classes, each recognizable by the volume of urea
excreted. In the first there is an increase above normal; in the second
the volume of urea is stationary; in the third decreased, increased, or
stationary.
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