Sex variant women in literature : $b A historical and quantitative surveyFoster, Jeannette H. (Jeannette Howard)
General
Sex variant women in literature : $b A historical and quantitative survey
Foster, Jeannette H. (Jeannette Howard)
Lesbians in literature; Sex in literature; Women in literature
Secondary evidence that interest in female variance continued through
the period is found in the myths as recounted by Greek and Latin writers
at the beginning of the Christian era, though details of these stories
are probably more characteristic of the writers’ own times than of
earlier centuries. One finds as much variety in different authors’
treatment as is found between Malory’s and Tennyson’s versions of the
Arthurian legends. From any great compilation such as the _Mythology of
All Nations_ or Fraser’s _Golden Bough_ one learns that in all the
interrelated Mediterranean mythologies there was at least one goddess
among whose attributes were one or more of the following: virginity,
aversion to male sexual approach, some masculinity in dress or interests
(such as warfare or the hunt), intense fondness for maiden devotees, and
a strict requirement of maidenhood in the latter. One finds also
persistent legends of Amazons, exclusively female groups who suffered
men only for procreative ends and made active war against the other
sex[28] (cf. a random news note, April 1951, of a precisely similar
legend from an island off the coast of Japan).[29] It is impossible to
date the origin of these myths or to secure historical substantiation of
the mores they reflect. But anthropologists assure us that female
homosexuality is known in most primitive societies (e.g., there is a
North American Indian legend of physical intimacy between two women
which resulted in an amorphous birth),[30] and it seems likely that
variant detail was current in early oral tradition but was omitted by
writers to whom such phenomena was antipathetic, or eliminated by later
censorship.
A comparison of the later classical writers supports this view. In Book
XI of Vergil’s _Aeneid_ one of the vivid personalities is Camilla,
leader of a cavalry troop which figures brilliantly in the military
action and of whose members many, if not at all, were women. Of her
favorite comrade-in-arms, Camilla says only that she was like a sister
to her. The goddess Diana is described as loving Camilla long and
intensely, and, when the latter is slain by a sly and unheroic man,
Diana lends her own bow and arrows to another protégé, Opis, so that
this demigoddess may avenge the favorite’s death. But there is no
mention of intimacy between the goddess and either Opis or Camilla.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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