Sex variant women in literature : $b A historical and quantitative survey — John Shaqi
Sex variant women in literature : $b A historical and quantitative surveyFoster, Jeannette H. (Jeannette Howard)
General
Sex variant women in literature : $b A historical and quantitative survey
Foster, Jeannette H. (Jeannette Howard)
Lesbians in literature; Sex in literature; Women in literature
Let us look, for example, at the two most significant masquerading women
in Shakespeare’s plays. Viola in _Twelfth Night_ is an unconvincing man,
afraid of the sight of her own sword, and her scenes with Olivia never
even skirt the anomalous, their interest centering on her verbal
agility. In _As You Like It_ Rosalind is much more boyish in appearance
and temperament, and Celia’s devotion to her is marked. Following her
cousin headlong into banishment, Celia reminds her harsh parent that:
... we still have slept together,
Rose at an instant, learn’d, play’d, sat together,
And wheresoe’er we went, like Juno’s swans,
Still we went coupled and inseparable.
Also LeBeau tells Orlando that Rosalind has been “detained by her
usurping uncle To keep his daughter company; whose loves Are dearer than
the natural bond of sisters.” These passages suggest an intensity in
Celia’s attachment which the effeminate Frenchman is quick to notice,
but no further word or action in the play reinforces them. Celia’s
infatuation at sight for Oliver, though it does not, like Rosalind’s for
Orlando, blossom before the spectator’s eyes, is no less whole-hearted,
and if passion is implied at all between the girls it is that early
adolescent sort readily supplanted by the first heterosexual attraction.
The other women of Shakespeare frequently cited as unfeminine, Beatrice
and Katherine, express antipathy to men, marriage, and male domination
but exhibit no interest whatever in women.
Two realistic plays of the early seventeenth century which have as their
heroines real persons, one a known lesbian and the other suspected, are
of special interest because no hint of variance appears in either drama.
Middleton and Dekker’s _Roaring Girl_ (1611) was built around Mary
Frith, a transvestist of the London underworld commonly called “Moll
Cutpurse,” who was about twenty-five when the play was written. She is
portrayed as hearty, fearless and clever, a walking lexicon of thieves’
cant and free tavern songs, but of blameless character—the sworn enemy
of injustice, oppression and double-dealing in underworld and gentry
alike. She befriends honest lovers of any class but makes short work of
men who approach her; she would like to see all women “manned but never
pandered,” and she burns to right women’s wrongs in general. Asked when
she will marry, her impudent rhymed answer adds up to “Never!” In short,
she is a kind of sexless and feministic Robin Hood.
In their epilogue the authors say that some will:
Wonder that a creature of her being
Should be the subject of a poet, seeing
In the world’s eye none weighs so light: others look
For all those base tricks published in a book
Foul as the brains they flowed from, of cutpurses,
Of nips and foists, nasty obscene discourses
As full of lies as empty of worth and wit,
For any honest ear and eye unfit.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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