Sex variant women in literature : $b A historical and quantitative surveyFoster, Jeannette H. (Jeannette Howard)
General
Sex variant women in literature : $b A historical and quantitative survey
Foster, Jeannette H. (Jeannette Howard)
Lesbians in literature; Sex in literature; Women in literature
Before leaving Strindberg it will be interesting to return
parenthetically for a moment to _Mlle Tantale_, since the modern analyst
Dr. Clarence Offenbacher has suggested that it may have given Strindberg
the plot of a much better known work, his drama _Miss Julie_.[24] To be
sure the two have in common the unrewarding liaison of a girl with a man
who is her social inferior, in Julie’s case a groom. But in personality
and in conditioning circumstances Julie differs sharply from Mary
Folkestone. Julie is the daughter of a domineering feminist who, in her
effort to equalize the sexes, assigns the labor on her estate to men or
women with complete disregard of its customary division between them.
Quite unlike Mary’s parent, the sensual courtesan, Julie’s mother scorns
passion. She gives her senses rein as rarely as possible and then merely
for the purpose of nervous catharsis. Julie also is wilfully
self-contained, taking the groom in a callous spirit like her mother’s.
Offenbacher points out that Strindberg was in Paris in the 1880s and
probably knew of both Dubut de Laforest and Charcot. It is even more
likely that he was aware of women like Rachilde and the more notorious
Mme. Jeanne Dieulafoy, lifelong transvestist and author who was made a
member of the Legion of Honor about 1890. At the beginning of the
Franco-Prussian war, Dieulafoy was a girl of nineteen, convent bred, who
had just married and who fought beside her husband during the siege of
Paris wearing men’s clothes, “to which she was long accustomed.”[25]
Subsequently, she accompanied him on archeological expeditions to Egypt,
Morocco and Persia. To her grief she was unable to have children, but
she devoted herself to those of her friends, and she and her husband for
a time conducted a private school in which they educated the girls to be
independent and fearless, the boys to show gentleness and consideration.
This training they believed, doubtless from their own experience, would
lead to better adjustment in marriage.
Since at the time of writing _Miss Julie_ Strindberg was deep in the
stormiest phase of his quarrel with Siri von Essen, he would have been
more sensitive to masculine women than to clinical literature. No model
for Julie’s mother could have been readier to hand than this virile
ex-soldier, archeologist, and “progressive” educator. _Miss Julie_ may
well be Strindberg’s dark prediction as to the results of child-training
by such a woman. The fact that there is no trace of variance in _Miss
Julie_ seems another reason for questioning whether it derived from
_Mlle Tantale_. Strindberg was so exercised over that issue at the
moment that he would not have missed a chance to attack it openly unless
his models were actual persons and might conceivably be recognized.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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