Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Stage history; Theater -- England
This much-abused quarto has 557 lines less than the modern acting
edition, of which 254 are not in that edition, although they are in the
second quarto (or rather have a meaning equivalent to lines in the second
quarto), showing clearly that it is possible to shorten the text in more
ways than one. The first quarto comes nearer to Shakespeare's dramatic
conception of the play than the modern stage version, because the latter,
by omitting some of the persons represented, and also many of the lines
which reveal the weaker side of Hamlet's character, have altered the story
of the play, and placed the part of Hamlet in a different aspect to the
one conceived by the author.
I will now compare French's acting-edition of "Hamlet," scene by scene,
with the Globe edition. The Globe edition contains all the lines of the
second quarto and the folio. It adheres to the text, but not to the
stage-directions. For reading purposes, perhaps, the alterations which
have been made in the latter may be justified to some extent as a
necessity, yet for the acting-edition it would have been better to copy
the originals. There are alterations made to the stage-directions in the
first scene. Horatio, Marcellus, and the Ghost are shown to enter a line
later in the Globe edition than is marked in the quarto or folio. But the
attention of an audience is better sustained if the entrances of
characters, especially of the Ghost, is not anticipated, and also if the
dialogue is not interrupted by pauses for entrances and exits.
In comparing the text, I find that lines 69 to 125 of the Globe edition
are omitted in the acting-edition. But these lines explain to the audience
why Marcellus, Bernardo, and Horatio are engaged in this same "strict and
most observant watch." Marcellus and Bernardo are not common sentries.
They are gentlemen and scholars, who are on duty as soldiers for this
particular occasion. Lines 140 to 142 I should also like to see inserted,
because they are needed to explain the words which follow--
"We do it wrong, being so majestical,
To offer it this show of violence."
On the stage these words are spoken, but no violence is shown towards the
Ghost. Besides, the business of striking at the Ghost is a fine invention
of the author to assist the imagination to realize it is a spirit. I am
sorry lines 157 to 165 are omitted, because not only are they beautiful in
themselves, but also appropriate, for they help to give solemnity to the
scene. The omission of the last four lines of the scene leaves it
unfinished. Altogether seventy-one lines have been cut out of the first
scene, but the first quarto retains most of them.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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