Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Stage history; Theater -- England
Now if we go back to the Latin Comedies and consider the origin of the
moneylender, we find a type of character similar to that of Shylock.
Moliere's Harpagon, who is modelled on the miser of Plautus, has a strong
resemblance to Barabas and to Shylock, although Shylock is undoubtedly the
most human. Reference has already been made to the likeness between
Barabas and Shylock, and it needs but a few illustrations to show the
resemblance between the English and French miser. Both are moneylenders,
who when asked for a loan declare that it is necessary for them to borrow
the sum required from a friend. Sheridan makes little Moses do the same.
Harpagon exclaims to his servant: "Ah, wretch, you are eating up all my
wealth," and Shylock says the same thing to Launcelot. Harpagon's, "It is
out of Christian charity that he covets my money," is not unlike the
reproach of Shylock, "He was wont to lend out money for a Christian
courtesy!" And "justice, impudent rascal, will soon give me satisfaction!"
is with Shylock "the Duke shall grant me justice!" While if we compare the
words which Moliere puts into the mouths of those who revile the miser,
they suggest the taunts thrown at Shylock. "I tell you frankly that you
are the laughing-stock of everybody, and that nothing delights people more
than to make game of you"; has its equivalent in the speech "Why, all the
boys in Venice follow him," etc. And "never does anyone mention you, but
under the name of Jew and usurer," tallies with Launcelot's "My master is
a very Jew." Other instances might be quoted.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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