The Sitcanxu, Bois Brulés or Burned Thighs, are divided locally into (1)
Qeyata-witcaca (Ḣeyata wićaṡa), People-away-from-the-river, the Highland
or Upper Brulé, and (2) the Kud (Kuta or Kunta)-witcaca, the Lowland or
Lower Brulé. The Sitcanxu are divided socially into gentes, of which the
number has increased in recent years. The following names of their gentes
were given to the author in 1880 by Tatañka-wakan, Mysterious
Buffalo-bull: 1, Iyak’oza (Iyaḳoza), Lump (or wart)-on-a-horse’s-leg. 2,
Tcoka-towela (Ćoka-towela), Blue-spot-in-the-middle. 3, Ciyo-tañka
(Ṡiyo-taɳka), Large grouse or prairie chicken. 4, Ho-mna, Fish-smellers.
5, Ciyo-subula (Ṡiyo-subula), Sharp-tail grouse. 6, Kanxi-yuha
(Kaɳġi-yuha), Raven keepers. 7, Pispiza-witcaca (Pispiza-wićaṡa),
Prairie-dog people. 8, Walexa-un-wohan (Waleġa uɳ wohaɳ),
Boil-food-with-the-paunch-skin (waleġa). 9, Watceunpa (Waćeuɳpa),
Roasters. 10, Cawala (Ṡawala), Shawnee; the descendants of a Shawnee chief
adopted into the tribe. 11, Ihañktonwan (Ihaɳktoɳwaɳ), Yankton, so called
from their mothers, Yankton women; not an original Sitcanxu gens. 12,
Naqpaqpa (Naḣpaḣpa), Take-down (their)-leggings (after returning from
war). 13, Apewan-tañka (Apewaɳ taɳka), Big manes (of horses).
In 1884 Reverend W.J. Cleveland sent the author the accompanying diagram
(figure 32) and the following list of Sitcanxu gentes, containing names
which he said were of very recent origin; 1, Sitcanxu proper. 2, Kak’exa
(Kakeġa),Making-a-grating-sound. 3a, Hinhan-cŭn-wapa (Hiɳhaɳ-ṡun-wapa),
Toward-the-owl-feather. 3b, Cŭñikaha-napin (Ṡuɳkaha napiɳ),
Wears-a-dogskin-around-the-neek, 4, Hi-ha kanhanhan win (Hi-ha kaɳhaɳhaɳ
wiɳ), Woman (wiɳ) -the-skin (ha) -of-whose-teeth (hi) -dangles
(kaɳhaɳhaɳ). 5, Hŭñku-wanitca (Huɳku-wanića), Without-a-mother. 6,
Miniskuya-kitc’un (Miniskuya kićuɳ), Wears salt. 7a, Kiyuksa,
Breaks-or-cuts-in-two-his-own (custom, etc; probably referring to the
marriage law; see Mdewakantonwan gens number 1). 7b, Ti-glabu,
Drums-iu-his-own-lodge. 8, Watceŭnpa (Waćeuɳpa), Boasters. 9, Wagluqe
(Wagluḣe), Followers, commonly called loafers; A.L. Riggs thinks the word
means "in-breeders." 10, Isanyati (Isaɳyati), Santee (probably derived
from the Mdewakantonwan). 11, Wagmeza-yuha, Has corn. 12a, Walexa-on-wohan
(Waleġa-oɳ-wohaɳ), Boils-with-the-paunch-skin. 12b, Waqna (Waḣna), Snorts.
13, Oglala-itc’itcaxa (Oglala-ićićaġa), Makes-himself-an-Oglala. 14,
Tiyotcesli (Tiyoćesli), Dungs-in-the-lodge. 15, Wajaja (Waźaźa), Osage
(?). 16, Ieska-tcintca (Ieska-ćiɳća), Interpreter’s sons; "half-bloods."
17, Ohe-nonpa (Ohe-noɳpa), Two boilings or kettles. 18, Okaxa-witcaca
(Okaġa-wićaṡa), Man-of-the-south.
[Illustration: FIG. 32.—Sitcanxu camping circle.]
FIG. 32.—Sitcanxu camping circle.
THE ITAZIPTCO
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