Sir Christopher Wren : $b Scientist, scholar and architectWeaver, Lawrence
History
Sir Christopher Wren : $b Scientist, scholar and architect
Weaver, Lawrence
Architects -- England -- Biography; Wren, Christopher, Sir, 1632-1723
On February 5 “Dr. Wren was desired to think of an easy way for a
universal measure different from that of a pendulum.” This was a
question of devising an absolute standard of length dependent upon
some natural phenomenon, which finally found expression in the metre
and again in a standard of length derived by physicists from the
wave-length of light.
On February 12 “Dr. Wren proposed blacklead as a better means than oil
for preserving the pivots of the wheels of watches and clocks from
grating or wearing out.”
On March 5 “the amanuensis was ordered to attend Dr. Wren to take
directions concerning the experiment of water in the long tube.” This
means the setting up of a water barometer, with water in place of the
mercury of Torricelli’s experiment.
On September 3, 1662, it is recorded that “it was referred to Dr.
Wren to take care of making the several experiments mentioned at the
last meetings concerning the _aquæ salientes_,” by which we are to
understand the earliest experiments on the rise of liquids in capillary
tubes. The record goes on to say, “The request of the Society made at
the last meeting to Dr. Wren about comparing the Earl of Sandwich’s
experiments was continued but it being a business of difficulty and
much calculation required more time than he could yet obtain from
his other employments.” None the less, a week later “Dr. Wren was
reminded of promoting Mr. Rooke’s observations concerning motions of
the satellites of Jupiter,” and a fortnight later still, “Dr. Wren
presented some cuts done by himself in a new way of etching whereby he
said he could almost as soon do a piece on a plate of glass as another
could draw it with a crayon on paper.” At the same meeting, too, “Dr.
Wren proposed the experiment of forcing up water in different pieces
of different diameter and different altitudes ... and was desired to
bring a description of this experiment at the next meeting....” On
October 8 of the same year “Dr. Wren offered an experiment about the
undulation of quicksilver in a crooked tube which he suggested was for
the velocity of it proportional to the vibration of a pendulum. He was
desired to prosecute the experiment and to give in an account of it.”
Sprat, in his _History of the Royal Society_, lays especial stress on a
scheme of work devised by Wren in the interests of agriculture.
“The second work (the first was the Doctrine of Motion) which he has
advanced, is the History of Seasons; which will be of admirable
benefit to mankind, if it shall be constantly pursued, and derived down
to posterity. His proposal therefore was, to comprehend a diary of
wind, weather, and other conditions of the air, as to heat, cold, and
weight; and also a general description of the year, whether contagious
or healthful to men or beasts; with an account of epidemical diseases,
of blasts, mildews, and other accidents, belonging to grain, cattle,
fish, fowl, and insects.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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