Slavery in Pennsylvania: A Dissertation Submitted to the Board of University Studies of the Johns Hopkins University in Conformity with the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, 1910Turner, Edward Raymond
History
Slavery in Pennsylvania: A Dissertation Submitted to the Board of University Studies of the Johns Hopkins University in Conformity with the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, 1910
[228] MS. Abst. Abington M. M., 328, 336, 347, 351, 358, 368, 372,
398; MS. Min. Sadsbury M. M., 1737-8--1783, pp. 270, 290; MS.
Min. Radnor M. M., 1772-1782, pp. 63, 66, 71, 102, 103, 107,
etc.; MS. Min. Women's Q. M., Bucks Co., 26 8th mo., 1779; 30
8th mo., 1781; MS. Darby M. M. M., II, 87, 91, 93, (1769), 178
(1774), 180, 181, 184, 186, 190 (1775), 309, 312 (1780); MS.
Women's Min. Darby M. M., 2 2d mo., 1775; 30 3rd mo., 1775; 3
8th mo., 1780; 31 8th mo., 1780; MS. Extracts Buckingham M.
M., 128, 130, 136 (1767-1768); MS. Diary of Richard Barnard,
24 9th mo., 1774; 7 6th mo., 1780; MS. Journal of Joshua
Brown, 11th mo., 1775; above all the MS. Diary of James Moon,
_passim_. _Cf._ Sharpless, _Quakerism and Politics_, 159-178;
Whittier's introduction to John Woolman's _Journal_.
[229] Futhey and Cope, _History of Chester Co._, 423.
[230] _Cf._ Abst. Rec. Gwynedd M. M., 201, 204, 213, 218, 240, 270,
271, 273, 278, 280, 307, 311, 312, 316, 321, 322, 323, 336,
348, 374, 471; MS. Papers Middletown M. M., 1759-1786, pp.
386, 388, 389, 390; Franklin, _Works_, (ed. Sparks). VIII, 42.
[231] _Brief Statement_, 49.
[232] MS. Yearly M. M., 27 9th mo., 1776; _Brief Statement_, 24-27;
Needles, 13; Thomas, 245; Sharpless, _History of Quaker
Government in Pennsylvania_, II, 138, 139.
[233] _Brief Statement_, 31-35; Needles, 13; Sharpless, II, 226.
For some years the Meetings continued to make regular reports
on this subject. "7th No Slaves among us and such of their
Offspring as are under our Care are generally pretty well
provided for." MS. Rec. Warrington Q. M., 25 8th mo., 1788.
[234] In the absence of a plantation system slavery in Pennsylvania
never was profitable in the same sense as in Virginia or South
Carolina, and where white labor could be obtained slavery
could not compete. _Cf._ Franklin, _Works_, II, 314, 315
(1751). But as it was almost impossible to obtain sufficient
white labor, or at least to retain it, slavery as it existed
in Pennsylvania was profitable throughout the colonial period.
For the strong desire to import, see above, chap. I. For
the high prices paid in the first quarter of the nineteenth
century for the right to hold negroes to the age of 28, see
below, p. 94.
[235] This is my judgment after a careful investigation of the
Friends' records. Adam Smith, who had not seen these records,
but who wrote just when the work was being completed, thought
differently. _Wealth of Nations_ (ed. Rogers), I, 391.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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