Social-Democracy and Woman Suffrage: A Paper Read by Clara Zetkin to the Conference of Women Belonging to the Social-Democratic Party Held at Mannheim, Before the Opening of the Annual Congress of the German Social-DemocracyZetkin, Klara
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Social-Democracy and Woman Suffrage: A Paper Read by Clara Zetkin to the Conference of Women Belonging to the Social-Democratic Party Held at Mannheim, Before the Opening of the Annual Congress of the German Social-Democracy
Zetkin, Klara
Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands; Women -- Suffrage
In the beginning of August, the International Congress for Women held
its sittings at Copenhagen. At this Congress, not only questions of
organisation and of propaganda were discussed, but also the much more
important question what badge the members of the Union for Woman
Suffrage should wear. But the Congress did not say a word about the
question of Universal Suffrage, and failed to say clearly what they
thought about the matter. This is the more remarkable because the
delegates from Finland and Hungary had declared that the struggle for
the political emancipation of women had made most progress in those
countries where it was advocated in concert with the demand for
Universal Suffrage, especially when the minds of men were influenced by
that demand urged on behalf of the proletariat. Here, again, where there
was an opportunity to join hands with us, and to press on our just
claims, they have adopted a cowardly attitude instead of a plain,
straightforward one. The middle-class advocates of women’s rights, also,
always say that the Social-Democrats are unwilling champions of the
cause of Woman Suffrage, but that the Progressives and the National
Liberals are best supporters for the political equality of women. In
order to support this assertion against the Socialists, they say that
abroad some of the women leaders of the Social-Democracy have been
lukewarm, or at all events critical, on the question of female Suffrage,
and that, owing to tactical exigencies, in some countries the struggle
for women’s rights has been kept somewhat in the background. But as to
this opinion, as to the action of the German Social-Democracy, they are
unable to bring the slightest evidence by which to support their charge.
The German Social-Democratic Party brought forward, for the first time
in 1895, in the Reichstag, a motion advocating universal, equal, secret,
and direct Suffrage, without distinction of sex, in all the States of
the German Empire. Our comrades in Saxony brought forward the same
resolution in their local Parliament. I need not refer further to the
action of our comrades in Bavaria and other States; but I may again call
attention to the fact that while our party this year organised meetings
demanding that in every State of Germany the legislative bodies should
be elected by Universal Suffrage, they also insisted that women should
also have the vote equally with men. This claim has been advocated in
the press, and has been defended by thousands of speakers—men and
women—at meetings, and was finally brought forward as a resolution in
the Reichstag. On this question all the middle-class parties were
united. All members of middle-class parties voted against this
resolution, even those members who generally are praised by the
middle-class women parties as being worthy of honour, because they are
friendly to the cause. In these are included Herr von Gerlach, who
declared that he voted against this Socialistic motion on the ground of
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