Elephants, increase of, 85 Environment, laws of heredity and, 103 modified by man, 95 not always responsible for specialisation, 106 remedies, 154 social, and conduct, 6 social, character of, 153 social, during 19th century, 40 social, evils of, causes of, 154 Equality of opportunity, 155 Erman, Prof. Adolf, quoted, 26 Euclid, 34 Eugenics, methods of, 127 science of, established by Sir F. Galton, 127 Eugenists, 149 Evil, origin of, problem of, 118 possible solution of, 119 Evolution, a rational theory, 81 acceptance of, 81 and civilisation, 157 Lamarckism and, 81 Chambers and, 81 Darwin and, 81 exposition of, by Spencer, 81 natural selection and, 77 objections to, 81, 90 variability of species, 8, 82 (_See also_ Darwinism, Lamarckism, Natural selection, etc.) Factory system, development of, 41 evils of, 41 Fertility, law of diminishing, 144, 147 Fines _v._ imprisonment, 65 Friendly Isles, natives of, character of, 32 Galton, Sir Francis, 37 eugenic theory of, 127 on laws of increase of population, 127 Galvanising trade, evils of, 51 Gambling, immorality of, 59 in trade, 58 inconsistent attitude to, 59 Stock Exchange, 59 Genius, not cumulative, 37 not necessarily hereditary, 37; examples, 38 Gothic architecture, 34 Greece, 121 architecture of ancient, 34 Heredity and genius, 37 and "recession to mediocrity," 38 beneficence of law of, 115 Darwin and, 103 importance of subject, 103 Lamarck and, 104 laws of, and environment, 103 misconceptions regarding, 103 of innate characters, 110 Herschel, Sir John, 82 Homer, 8 Hominidæ, 94 Human nature, faculties of, 100 Imprisonment _v._ fines, 65 India, architecture of ancient, 34 intelligence and morality in ancient, 9, 11, 15 religious conceptions in ancient, 11 Individuation, 142 Infantile mortality, Prof. Petrie on, 140 statistics of, 47, 72 Injustice, social, 155 Innate characters, 104 heredity of, 110 Insanitary dwellings, 47 Intellect in ancient India, 9, 11, 15 permanence of, 15 Intellectual advance not general, 142 Jesus Christ, 116 Justice, administration of, 62 immorality of, 66, 152 Lamarck and evolution, 81 and heredity, 104 Lamarckism, 78, 89 and Darwinism, 78 insufficiency of, as a theory, 80 Land, access to, 155 Language, 28 diversity of, 120 lowest races possess, 31 Law, civil, system, 62 criminal, system, 64 partiality of the, 65 Layard, Sir H., 16 Le Conte, Prof., quoted, 139 Lead glaze trade, evils of, 50 Lead poisoning of workers, 51 Life-destroying trades, 47 Lyell's _Principles of Geology_ quoted, 78 Maha-Bharata, Indian epic, quoted, 8 Malthus, 139 Mammals, classification of, 94