[Footnote 18: _Ib_. 643; Cic. _ad Att_. xv. 15. Here, after the death of his daughter Tullia, Cicero wished to buy land on which to erect a fanum to her (Cic. _ad Att_. xii. 19). Here also were the horti Caesaris.] [Footnote 19: Livy xxxv. 40.] [Footnote 20: Hülsen-Jordan, _op. cit_. p. 143 note.] [Footnote 21: See below, p. 302. Dionysius of Halicarnassus (iii. 68) gives an elaborate account of it in the time of Augustus, when it had been altered and ornamented.--Hülsen-Jordan, p. 120 foll.] [Footnote 22: Fowler, _Roman Festivals_, p. 199; Wissowa in Pauly-Wissowa, _Real-Encyklopädie_, s.v. Diana.] [Footnote 23: The two roads converged just before arriving at the city. The reader may be reminded that it was by the via Appia that St. Paul entered Rome (Acts xxviii.). Another useful passage for this gate is Juvenal in. 10 foll.] [Footnote 24: It might be useful here to follow the course of the _pomerium_, which also went round the Palatine, as described in Tacitus, _Annals_ xii. 24.] [Footnote 25: Cic. _de Officiis_ iii. 16. 66, and the story there related.] [Footnote 26: Strictly speaking, the Oppius Mons, or southern part of the Esquiline.] [Footnote 27: See Lanciani's admirable chapter, "A Walk through the Sacra Via," in his _Ruins and Excavations of Ancient Rome_, p. 190 foll.] [Footnote 28: _Georg_. ii. 502. Virgil, for all his admiration of Rome, did not love its crowds.] [Footnote 29: Cic. _pro Plancio_, ch. 7. Cp. Horace, _Sat_. i. 9; Lucilius, _Frag._ 9 (ed. Baehrens), which last will be quoted in another context.] [Footnote 30: On the vexed question of the position of the Subura and its history see Wissowa, _Gesammelte Abhandlungen_, p. 230 foll.] [Footnote 31: For excavations here see Lanciani, _op. cit_. p. 221 foll.] [Footnote 32: Cic. _Cat._ iii. 9. 21 foll.] [Footnote 33: Formerly we may assume that it faced south or south-east, like the temple.] [Footnote 34: It was completed by Caesar in 46 B.C.] [Footnote 35: Beloch, _Bewölkerung_ p. 382.] [Footnote 36: C.I.L. i. 206, and Dessau, _Inscr. Lat. Selectae_, ii. 1. p. 493.] [Footnote 37: Cic. _ad Q. Fratr_. iii.I. 14 Suet. _de Grammaticis_, 15; Corn. Nepos, _Atticus_, 13.] [Footnote 38: Hülsen-Jordan, _Röm. Topographie_, vol. i. part iii. p. 323.] [Footnote 39: This is the number receiving corn gratis when Julius Caesar reformed the corn-distribution.--Suetonius, _Iul_. 41.] [Footnote 40: See Zeller, _Stoics_, etc., Eng. trans. p. 255 foll.] [Footnote 41: cic. _de Legibus_, i. 15. 43. It was not as yet possible to be "poor, making many rich"; to have nothing and yet to possess all things.] [Footnote 42: See the definition of insula in Festus. n. Ill. and for insula generally Middleton's article "Domus" in the _Dict, of Antiquities_, ed. 2. De Marchi (_La Religione nella vita domestica_, i. p. 80) compares the big lodging-houses of the poor at Naples.]