Some old masters of Greek architectureDouglas, Harry
History
Some old masters of Greek architecture
Douglas, Harry
Architecture -- Greece; Architecture, Greek
Some remains of the splendor of this pagan temple are still doing
architectural duty. The great dome of the beautiful Byzantine church
of Santa Sophia in Constantinople, now a Turkish mosque, is supported
by columns of green jasper, brought from the Ephesian temple by the
Roman Emperor Justinian, and two of the pillars in the cathedral at
Pisa are also from the same source.
There is some confusion as to the works of art and decorations
associated respectively with the two temples just described which
it would be vain to attempt to clear up, believing that it matters
but little, inasmuch as it is not likely that Herostratus could have
destroyed completely the first temple, and that the services of
Dinocrates were engaged more in the line of making good the damage
done than in erecting an entirely new edifice. The upper colonnades of
Corinthian columns, however, which Mr. Wood shows as appearing in the
interior of the temple, are clearly the work of Dinocrates.
Demetrius, the priest of Diana, and his associates, Peonius and
Daphnis, the three architects who completed the first Artemesian
temple, having flourished over two hundred years after the foundation
of that structure was laid, are not, of course, to be classed among the
earlier of the Grecian architects, and, properly, should not be treated
under this heading; but as they are all grouped together in the
erection of another great Asiatic-Greek temple, and are not further met
with, it may be just as well to add what there is in respect to them at
this time.
The temple referred to was that dedicated to Apollo in the Ionian city
of Miletus, not far distant from the scene of the joint labors of
these architects at Ephesus. Its order was also Ionic, and although
not as large as that to Artemis, it could have been very little, if
any, inferior to it in columnar effect and general impressive beauty,
if not grandeur. It was three hundred and two feet in length by one
hundred and sixty-four feet in width, and, like the temple at Ephesus,
was surrounded by double rows of columns, each column, however, being
sixty-three feet in height. Indeed, Strabo, the celebrated Roman
traveller and geographer, who visited the ruins of the temple during
the first century before the Christian era, testifies that “it is the
greatest of all temples,” and adds that it remained without a roof
“in consequence of its bigness”; but this allusion to its roofless
condition is probably due to the fact that the building was never
wholly completed. Pausanias also gives it high praise, and speaks of
it as one of the wonders of Ionia, and Vitruvius numbers it “as one of
the four temples which had raised their architects to the summit of
renown”[2]—a renown, it would seem, that has been very much begrudged
them, as the literature of their time furnishes practically no data in
regard to them personally, and what estimate can be formed of them is
wholly based upon the importance of their works.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account