Some old masters of Greek architectureDouglas, Harry
History
Some old masters of Greek architecture
Douglas, Harry
Architecture -- Greece; Architecture, Greek
This statement, however, though poetical, is much too sweeping to be
literally correct as to architecture. The Greeks borrowed a little—a
very little—not only from the Egyptians, but from the Assyrians, the
Chaldeans, the Persians, and other western Asiatic races as well; but
so altered what they had borrowed, so refined it and entwined it with
original conceptions of their own, that the captive features could
have returned again to their native lands without fear of detection.
Indeed as to the origin of some of the architectural features which
the Greeks are supposed to have taken from the countries of a more
unrefined people to the south and east of them, and especially as to
the volute, so conspicuous in the Ionic capital, which is supposed to
have been a Persian conception, there is much dispute.
Professor T. Roger Smith, of London, very truly observes: “We cannot
put a finger upon any feature of Egyptian, Assyrian or Persian
architecture the influence of which has survived to the present day,
except such as were adopted by the Greeks. On the other hand, there is
no feature, no ornament, nor even any principle of design which the
Greek architects employed that can be said to have now become obsolete.”
In discussing the three primary orders of which mention has been
made, and to which he adds the Tuscan and Composite, both of Italian
or Roman origin, and closely dependent upon the original three, Sir
William Chambers remarks: “The ingenuity of man has hitherto not
been able to produce a sixth order, though large premiums have been
offered, and numerous attempts been made by men of first-rate talents,
to accomplish it. Such is the fettered human imagination, such the
scanty store of its ideas, that Doric, Ionic and Corinthian have ever
floated uppermost, and all that has been produced amounts to nothing
more than different arrangements and combinations of their parts, with
some trifling deviations scarcely deserving notice; the whole tending
generally more to diminish than to increase the beauty of the ancient
orders.... The suppression of parts of the ancient orders, with a view
to produce novelty, has of late years been practised among us with
full as little success; and although it is not wished to restrain
sallies of imagination, nor to discourage genius from attempting to
invent, yet it is apprehended that attempts to alter the primary forms
invented by the ancients, and established by the concurring approbation
of many ages, must ever be attended with dangerous consequences, must
always be difficult, and seldom, if ever, successful.” Thus is seen the
marvellous discretion and judgment exercised by the Grecian architects
in selecting from contemporary art that alone which was best to
perpetuate, and thus is well expressed in the statement of indisputable
fact, a tribute to their originality and creative genius.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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