Some religious and moral teachings of Al-Ghazzali : $b Being brief extracts from his Ihya-u-Ulum-id-din — John Shaqi
Some religious and moral teachings of Al-Ghazzali : $b Being brief extracts from his Ihya-u-Ulum-id-dinGhazzali
Islamic
Some religious and moral teachings of Al-Ghazzali : $b Being brief extracts from his Ihya-u-Ulum-id-din
Ghazzali
Islamic ethics -- Early works to 1800
A certain devotee who was on the way to illumination saw a piece of paper
with lines written on it. “Why”, said the devotee, “hast thou blackened
thy bright face?” “It is not fair to take me to task”, replied the
paper, “I have done nothing. Ask the ink why she has sallied forth from
the inkstand where she was quite at ease, and forcibly blackened my
face”. “You are right” said the devotee. Then he turned to the ink and
enquired of her. “Why do you ask me”, she said, “I was sitting still in
the inkstand and had no mind to come out but this truculent pen rushed at
me, drew me out and scattered me over the page. There you see me lying
helpless, go to the pen and ask him”. The devotee turned to the pen and
interrogated him about his high-handedness. “Why do you trouble me”,
answered the pen, “Look, what am I? an insignificant reed. I was growing
by the banks of silvery streams amidst shady green trees, when lo: a
hand stretched at me. It held a knife, which uprooted me, flayed me and
separated my joints, hewed me, cleaved my head then, chopped it off. I
was sent headlong towards the ink, and have to serve abjectly. Do not add
insult to my injuries, go to the hand and ask him”. The devotee looked
at the hand and said: “Is it true? Are you so cruel?” “Do not be angry,
Sir” replied the hand “I am a bundle of flesh, bones, and blood. Have you
ever seen a piece of flesh exerting power? Can a body move of itself?
I am a vehicle used by one called vitality. He rides on me and forces
me round and round. You see, a dead man has hands but cannot use them
because vitality has left them. Why should I, a mere vehicle, be blamed?
Go to vitality and ask him why he makes use of me.” “You are right”, said
the devotee, and then questioned vitality. “Do not find fault with me”,
answered vitality, “Many a time a censurer himself is reproved, while
the censured is found faultless. How do you know that I have forced the
hand? I was already there before he moved, and had no idea of the motion.
I was unconscious and the on-lookers were also unaware of me. Suddenly
an agent came and stirred me. I had neither strength enough to disobey
nor willingness to obey him. That for which you would take me to task I
had to do according to his wish, I do not know who this agent is. He is
called will and I know him by name only. Had the matter been left to me I
think I should have done nothing.” “All right”, continued the devotee, “I
shall put the question to will, and ask him why he has forcibly employed
vitality which of its own accord would have done nothing”. “Do not be in
too great a hurry”, exclaimed will, “perchance I may give you sufficient
reason. His majesty, the mind, sent an ambassador, named knowledge,
who delivered his message to me through reason, saying: ‘Rise up, stir
vitality’. I was forced to do so, because I have to obey knowledge and
reason, but I know not why. As long as I receive no order I am happy, but
the moment an order is delivered I dare not disobey.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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