Sources of the Synoptic GospelsPatton, Carl S. (Carl Safford)
Religion
Sources of the Synoptic Gospels
Patton, Carl S. (Carl Safford)
Bible. Gospels -- Criticism, interpretation, etc.
In the second prediction of sufferings Matthew and Luke both avoid Mark's
οὐκ ἤθελεν ἵνα τις γνοῖ (Mk ix, 30). It seems to be a part of Mark's
_Geheimnis-Theorie_; but since Matthew and Luke both include some of
Mark's other references to this theory, this fact is not a sufficient
explanation of its omission, which may perhaps be attributed to the
growing reverence for Jesus. Luke's vs. 44_a_, θέσθε ὑμεῖς εἰς τὰ ὦτα ὑμῶν
τοὺς λόγους τούτους, is without parallel in Mark (or Matthew). Luke has
also omitted a part of Mark's prediction, "and they shall kill him," which
he would hardly have done if he were here following Mark, or if the clause
had stood in his copy of Mark. These facts may be taken to indicate that
Luke is here following another source. The words quoted from vs. 44_a_
would be very unlikely to be added by Luke himself.[40] Matthew seems to
follow Mark, making his customary abbreviation and changing Mark's "after
three days" to "on the third day." In another instance already noticed
both Matthew and Luke make the same change in Mark's statement. Luke may
here be following Q. But the absence of any agreements between him and
Matthew as against Mark would rather indicate his use of a peculiar
source. There are no doublets to substantiate the supposition of the use
of Q.
THE STRIFE ABOUT RANK
(Mk ix, 33-37; Mt xviii, 1-5; Lk ix, 46-48)
The section on the strife about rank probably stood in both Mark and Q,
but the resemblances are too general for one to draw definite conclusions
as to the exact source relationship.
MINOR PASSAGES
It will be sufficient if we look with less detail thru a few more passages
of the triple tradition, to note the changes made by Matthew and Luke in
the text of Mark.
In the case of the unknown exorcist (Mk ix, 38-41; Lk ix, 49-50) Luke says
"he followed not with us" instead of "he followed not us"; the assumption
of authority upon the part of John is thereby lessened.
In the saying about offenses (Mk ix, 42-48; Mt xviii, 6-9; Lk xvii, 1-2)
Matthew has combined Mark's saying about the hand and his separate saying
about the foot, into one. The saying stood in Mark and Q. In the
discussion about marriage and divorce (Mk x, 11-12; Mt v, 31-32; Lk xvi,
18; xix, 9) Matthew has rearranged the order of Mark, and has added
"except for adultery," as he has done in another place; he has omitted
Mark's reference to the woman divorcing her husband, as this would mean
nothing to his Palestinian readers.
In the blessing of the children (Mk x, 13-16; Mt xix, 13-15; Lk xviii,
15-17) Matthew and Luke omit Mark's statement that Jesus was angry.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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