Space Nomads: Meteorites in Sky, Field, and LaboratoryLaPaz, Lincoln
Science
Space Nomads: Meteorites in Sky, Field, and Laboratory
LaPaz, Lincoln
Meteorites
While looking through a window, Kayser, the Polish astronomer, saw a
fireball appear at Rigel and move to Sirius, where it disappeared. This
observation of his proved to be one of the most accurate and
_significant_ ever made of the fall of a meteorite. For it enabled the
German mathematician, Galle, to show that the Pultusk meteorite, which
produced the fireball Kayser saw, came into the Solar System from
interstellar space!
It is very essential to carefully notice and mark the exact spot from
which your observation was made so that you can return to it if
scientists wish to set up surveying instruments there.
The map and side view of the Norton County, Kansas, meteorite trajectory
show the practical results that the Institute obtained by use of the
intersecting-lines-of-sight method. The fireball accompanying the Norton
meteorite fall appeared at A. The first “explosion” took place at E₁,
the second at E₂, and the fireball disappeared at L.
If markers were dropped straight down to earth from each point along the
trajectory or flight-path of a meteorite through the atmosphere, the
line joining the points where the markers fell would be the
_earth-trace_ of this trajectory. The directions of sight to these
various points are indicated for people living in the towns along and
near the earth-trace of the Norton meteorite fall. The solid-line arrows
represent the direction of the point of disappearance; the dotted-line
arrows, the point of appearance; the dash-dot arrows, E₁; and the dashed
arrows, E₂. The probable area of fall is shown as an oval-shaped area,
the longer axis of which is identical with the direction of motion of
the meteorite.
[Illustration: Path of the Norton meteorite.]
The many fragments of all sizes recovered from the Norton fall were all
found within the bounds of this oval-shaped area, although unavoidable
errors of observation placed the center of the oval about 4 miles too
far to the north.
In addition to the questions about direction and elevation, there are a
few more that investigators of meteorite falls would like to have
observers answer.
At what time (determined as accurately as possible) did the fall
occur? Knowledge of this time is necessary if the path in which the
meteorite was moving about the sun is to be calculated by scientists.
Did you hear any sounds, either while you were watching the fireball
or after it disappeared? If you heard such sounds as the whining or
hissing of meteorite fragments flying through the air or the heavy
thumps of their impacts on the earth, then you were very close to
where the meteorite came down!
How many minutes and seconds (again determined as accurately as you
can) passed between the time when you saw the fireball vanish and the
instant when you first heard sounds from it? Such sound data permit
rough determination of the distance from the observer to the point
where the meteorite fell.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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