St. Clair's DefeatPublic Library of Fort Wayne and Allen County
History
St. Clair's Defeat
Public Library of Fort Wayne and Allen County
St. Clair's Campaign, 1791
“As soon as the troops reached Fort Jefferson, it became a question of
whether they ought to stay there or return to Fort Washington. General
St. Clair asked the advice of his surviving field officers; these
included Colonel Darke, Majors Hamtramck, Zeigler, and Gaither, and
Colonel Sargeant. After discussing the subject, they reported
unanimously that they believed the troops could not be accommodated in
Fort Jefferson nor could they be supplied with provisions there. The
officers thought it proper to proceed immediately toward supplies which
were known to be on the road not more than two marches distant. This
plan was adopted, and the army set out at ten o’clock and marched all
night. The next day they met a convoy with a quantity of flour which was
one day ahead of a drove of cattle. These supplies were used by the
troops on their march to Fort Washington.
“The loss sustained by the country in the fall of so many gallant
officers and men was most seriously regretted. General Butler and Major
Ferguson were spoken of with particular esteem. The public feeling,
however, was in some measure alleviated by the fact that those brave
men, officers and privates, fell covered with honor while defending the
cause of their country.
“The principal complaint made by the commander was that some of his
orders given during the night to Colonel Oldham were not executed. He
also complained that some very important information sent during the
night by Captain Hough to General Butler was not imparted to him, and he
did not hear of it until he arrived at Fort Washington.
“Because of the almost treasonable negligence of the government agents
in furnishing supplies, the army had been on short allowances for many
days. This had made it absolutely necessary either to retreat or to send
the first regiment, which was the flower of the army, to bring up the
provisions and military stores. The latter alternative was chosen, and
in the absence of that corps the attack was made. In regard to the
negligence of the War Department, it is a well-authenticated fact that
boxes and packages were carelessly put up and marked. During the battle
a box marked ‘flints’ was found to contain gunlocks; a keg of powder
marked ‘for the infantry’ was found to be damaged cannon-powder that
could scarcely be ignited.
“Under all of these disadvantages, it was generally believed by candid,
intelligent men that the commanding general was not justly liable to
severe censure. With one exception at the commencement of the action,
the troops behaved with great bravery. They maintained their ground for
three hours in an uninterrupted conflict with a superior force. They did
not attempt to leave the field until it was covered with the bodies of
their companions and a retreat was ordered. The General, less anxious
for himself than for others, was the last to leave the ground after he
had ordered the retreat.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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