St. Nicholas: His Legend and His Rôle in the Christmas Celebration and Other Popular CustomsMcKnight, George Harley
History
St. Nicholas: His Legend and His Rôle in the Christmas Celebration and Other Popular Customs
McKnight, George Harley
Christmas; Nicholas, Saint, Bishop of Myra
Belgium and Holland have their special forms of cakes and sweetmeats
for the St. Nicholas season. In Holland these are the flat hard cakes
called “Klaasjes”[11] once made exclusively in the form of a bishop
in honor of the bishop St. Nicholas, but now made in forms of every
conceivable kind of beast, bird, or fish. In certain places on the
Rhine the figure of the saint himself, the “Klasmann,” is baked in
dough with currant eyes, or an especially palatable little horse is
formed of honey cake dough and the “Klas” is inlaid on the horse.
Then there is the “Letterbanket” made in the form of letters so that
one may order his name in cake, and the “Marsepein,” now made in a
great variety of forms, but formerly made only in heart-shaped sweets
ornamented with little turtle doves made of pink sugar or with a
flaming heart on a little altar. The “Marsepein” was formerly used as a
device in wooing. The young man sent “Marsepein”[12] with a “Vryer” of
cake to the young lady of his heart, and if she accepted, he knew his
cause was won.
There are also various accounts of the way the cakes are made. In
Vorarlberg if, on the morning of St. Nicholas’ day, mist is seen to
rise, one tells the children that St. Nicholas is baking his cakes,
“Zelten” or “Klösse.” All the different figures found on the “Zelten”
have been made by St. Nicholas’ ass stepping on them with his shoes.
Another explanation of the origin of the cakes has more direct relation
with the life story of the saint. The story is told that the three
maidens rescued from shame by St. Nicholas--whose story remains to be
told in a later chapter--at their marriage, out of gratitude, baked
triple kneaded rolls and distributed them among poor children.[13]
Outside the homes, the time about St. Nicholas’ day in Belgium and
Holland is one of unusual life and gayety.
The old-time St. Nicholas fairs are no longer held in the streets,
at any rate, not in the large towns of Holland, but exchange of
presents is as universal as ever, and the shops are as festive
in appearance as American shops at Christmas time.[14] New
attractions for children are offered each year. Life-sized figures
of St. Nicholas are frequent in front of shop windows, and some
establishments have a man dressed like the good saint, who goes
about the streets mounted on a white steed, while behind him
follows a cart laden with presents to be delivered. Crowds of
children, singing, shouting, and clapping their hands, follow.[15]
An older authority records concerning Belgium that often in country
districts this or that peasant makes up as a long-bearded man or bishop
and rides through the dark streets on a gray horse, or an ass, or a
wooden horse, with a great basket at his side and a bundle of whips in
his hand.[16]
[Illustration: St. Nicholas in East Frisia.
Reproduced from Reinsberg-Düringsfeld, _Das festliche Jahr_.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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