This system continued in use till 1840, when it was abolished by law, and the names of pied, pouce, and ligne forbidden under penalties. So the mètre, decimally divided, remains the only legal measure of length in France. COMPARISONS OF UNITED STATES AND ENGLISH STANDARDS. In 1832, under resolution of Congress, Mr. Hassler compared the different standard yards in America, with the following results, using the yard between the twenty-seventh and sixty-third inches on the scale made of bronze by Troughton, of London, for the United States Coast Survey, as the reference, that being identical with Sir George Schuckburg’s standard: Troughton Scale, mid. yard 36·0000000 inches. “ “ between platinum points 35·9989758 “ Jones yard in State Department 35·9990285 “ Iron yard in Engineer Department 35·9987760 “ Brass yard, Albany, Sec. of State 36·0002465 “ Gilbert yard, University of Virginia 35·9952318 “ In 1856 the Troughton standard bronze scale was compared with the bronze standard yard No. 11, which was sent over by Airy as a copy of the English imperial standard, as restored after destruction of the original standard by fire in 1834, and the United States standard was found to be longer by 0·00085 inch. Later comparisons by J. E. Hilgard, of the Coast Survey, of the bronze standard No. 11 with the imperial standard yard, at the British Standards Office, gave No. 11 as 0·000088 shorter than the imperial standard. Hassler’s reduction of the mètre, as deduced by Beach at 62° F., 39·36850154, compared with the English reduction of the mètre, 39·37079 inches, gives an excess to the United States Standard of 0·002029 inch. The following reductions have been given for the United States yard in English inches: Report of Sec. of Treas., 1857 36·00087 = 1·00002416 Chambers’ Encyclopædia, 1872 36·00087 “ “ “ 36·0020892 = 1·0000580334 Trautwine 36·0020894 = 1·000058038 Mathewson, U. S. surveyor 36·00208944 = 1·00005804 Hassler and Beach 36·002092 = 1·00005811 J. E. Hilgard, Coast Survey 36·00076 = 1·000021 To Mr. Hassler’s reduction the name of United States inch has been applied; but his reduction is not correct, as he used a rate of expansion for brass deduced by himself of 0·0003783 inch in one yard for 1° F., and later experiments show that the smaller rate of 0·000342, deduced by Airy, is more correct. By correcting Hassler’s reduction with the later rate of expansion, J. E. Hilgard shows that the difference would be very small, or only 36·0002286 = 1·00000635, or about ⅖ of an inch in a mile.