Standard Measures of United States, Great Britain and France: History and actual comparisons. With appendix on introduction of the mètreWurtele, Arthur S. C.
History
Standard Measures of United States, Great Britain and France: History and actual comparisons. With appendix on introduction of the mètre
Wurtele, Arthur S. C.
Metric system; Weights and measures -- History
In Coast Survey report for 1876, J. E. Hilgard calls attention to another
difficulty in the matter of extreme accuracy, in the uncertainty with
regard to the permanence in the length of a bar, and states that the
bronze standard bar No. 11 and the Low Moor iron standard bar No. 57,
presented to the United States by Great Britain, are found to have
changed their relative length by 0·00025 inch in 25 years; the bronze bar
being now relatively shorter by that amount. This subject, he states, is
undergoing further investigation.
COMPARISON OF UNITED STATES AND FRENCH STANDARDS.
In 1817 Mr. Hassler examined the French standards in America, for the
Coast Survey, using the Troughton bronze standard scale, which is
identical with Sir George Schuckburg’s standard, as the reference, with
the following results, all being reduced to temperature of 32° F.
Original Iron Mètre, 1799 39·381022708 inches.
Lenoir Iron Mètre, Coast Survey 39·37972015 “
“ Brass “ “ 39·380247972 “
“ “ “ Eng. Dept. 39·38052739 “
Canivet Iron Toise, 1768 76·74334472 “
Lenoir “ “ 76·74192710 “
In 1814 Troughton had compared with his own scale in London two of the
above.
Lenoir Iron Mètre, C. S. 39·3802506 inches.
“ Brass “ “ 39·3803333 “
In 1832, under resolution of Congress, Hassler again compared the French
standards in the United States, using as before the Troughton scale, and
reducing all to temperature of 32° F. as follows:
Original Iron Mètre, 1799 39·3808643 inches.
Lenoir “ “ C. S. 39·3799120 “
“ Brass Mètre C. S. 39·380447 “
“ “ Eng. Dept. 39·3801714 “
“ “ “ in 1829 39·3807095 “
Fortin “ State Dept. 39·3796084 “
“ Treas. “ 39·3795983 “
Iron Mètre “ “ 39·3807827 “
Gilbert “ Univ. of Virg. 39·365408 “
Platinum Mètre 39·3803278 “
“ (Nicollet) 39·380511 “
Canivet Iron Toise, 1768 76·74290511 “
Lenoir “ 1799 76·74047599 “
From the mean of his comparisons between the United States brass
Troughton standard yard and the authentic French standard mètres used by
the Coast Survey, Hassler, in 1832, deduced the value of the mètre at
39·3809172 inches, at 32° F., and by correction for expansion to United
States standard temperature of 62° F., he made the mètre at 32° equal to
39·36850154 inches at 62° F.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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