Boiler, evolution of, 133; distilled water and, 136, 167; “Scotch” type, 151 Booth Line, 216 “Boss” of screw shaft, 210 Boulton and Watt, 35, 43, 59, 60, 75, 84, 88, 89, 94, 95 Boulton, Matthew, association with Watt, 35 Bourne, William, “devises” for propelling boats, 15 _Bovic_, the, 220 “Box” boiler, 133 Branca, Giovanni, discovery of principle of turbine by, 20, 184 Bridge deck, evolution of, 162, 283; in tugs, 235, 237 _Britannia_, the, 107, 108–9, 298 _Britannia_, the (P. & O.), 163 _Britannic_, the, 153, 154 British and Foreign Steam Navigation Co., 227 British and North American Royal Mail Steam Packet Co., 107 British East India Co., 216 _British Queen_, the, 97, 102, 103 British Queen Steam Navigation Co., 97 “British shipbuilding,” by A. L. Ayre, 313 Brown, John, & Co., 319 Brunel: the _Great Western_, 97; the _Great Britain_, 123; the _Victoria_, 131; _Great Eastern_, 139 “Bucket” dredger, 239 Building of ships, 282, _et seq._ Bulkheads, of _Scotia_, 129, 130; of _Great Eastern_, 143; of _Arizona_, 155; Admiralty and, 155–6; of _New York_ and _Philadelphia_, 166; of _George Washington_, 208; of _Laurentic_, 210; of oil-tankers, 244; of _Commonwealth_, 263 Bulwarks, disappearance of, 152 _Buenos Ayrean_, the, 150 Burns, George, 106 Bushey, national experimental tank at, 319 Byrne, St. Clair, 270 Cables, submarine, laying of, 242–3 Caird & Co., 218 _Calais-Douvres_, the, 225, 226 _Caledonia_, the, 84, 107 Caligula’s galleys, 194, 297 _Cambria_, the, 222, 225 _Campania_, the, 159, 170, 171, 172, 174, 175, 177 Camper and Nicholson, 278 Canadian Northern Railway Co., ships of, 217 Canadian Pacific Railway, ships of, 220 _Candia_, the, 134, 135, 136 Cantilever-framed ships, 249 _Car of Neptune_, the, 76 Cargo, dangerous, 243, 246 _Carmania_, the, 187, 191, 192 _Caronia_, the, 191, 192, 306 _Carthaginian_, the, 307 _Castalia_, the, 225, 226 Castle Mail Packets Co., 216 _Cedric_, the, 178, 179, 289 _Celtic_, the, 147, 178, 289 _Cevic_, the, 220 Channel Islands, boat services to, 227 _Charlotte Dundas_, the, 46–8, 55, 78, 301 Chester and Holyhead Railway Co., ships of, 222 _China_, the, 150, 294 “Chronological History of the Origin and Development of Steam Navigation,” by Admiral Preble, 30 Churchyard, Mr., and mail contract, 224 City Line, 216 _City of Berlin_, the, 155 _City of Brussels_, the, 149, 154 _City of Cleveland_, the, 264 City of Dublin Steam Packet Co., 101, 124 _City of Edinburgh_, the, 93 _City of Glasgow_, the, 147 _City of Manchester_, the, 147 _City of New York_, the, 165 _City of Paris_ (1), the, 148, 149, 152, 153, 176 _City of Paris_ (2), the (Inman), 165, 168, 178 _City of Philadelphia_, the, 148 _City of Rome_, the, 165, 236 _Clarence_, the, 267