=Calf and Heifer Feeding.= In raising calves by hand there is more danger of overfeeding than of underfeeding. There is also danger in feeding milk that is too cold. In feeding an average young calf we usually take about two quarts of the first milk that is drawn from the cow, which is low in butter fat, and feed the milk fresh and warm with the animal heat in it. After three weeks, skim milk may be substituted especially if it is warm and fresh. If the milk is artificially warmed it should be fed at a temperature of at least eighty degrees. Do not dilute milk with water. Let the calf have what water it wants separately. A calf should have milk until at least three months old but at the end of a week it will eat shelled corn and oats. These grains should be fed liberally to calves that do not have enough milk for a complete ration. After a calf is one month old it may be raised on milk made from dried buttermilk or condensed buttermilk or on skim milk of any kind, provided it is not fed too much at a time nor fed milk that is too cold. No changes such as from sweet milk to sour milk should be made suddenly. If feeding condensed buttermilk the milk after being diluted should be tested for solids with a lactometer. Some manufacturers of such products give directions for reducing it with water to such an extent that it would look like ordinary skim milk but have only half its value. This may make it appear that the feeder is getting a lot for his money, but he will not long be fooled by directions of that kind if he is watching the cost of his feed and the growth of his calves and knows what results he should expect for his money. People sometimes tell of stunted calves that turned out to be good cows but I do not think that a calf can be stunted a minute without being affected. If a stunted calf makes a good cow, which seldom ever happens, certain it is that if the calf had been well nourished the cow would have been even greater. Animals do not grow all of their lives. They grow while they are young. Every minute of that youth period that we lose for growth is lost forever. Growth is the natural development of bone, muscle, nervous system, circulation, etc., that the animal needs for hard work when mature. Breeders of pure bred cattle, who expect to make records with their young stock, feed them grain every day. I do not think this is necessary or practical for the farmer to do, but certain it is, that no promising heifer should ever be allowed to get thin. She should have good pasture during all of the summer and should have plenty of well-cured feed, corn fodder or corn silage, and a fair amount of alfalfa every day during the winter. =Chemical Analysis.= A chemical analysis of some of the most commonly used feeds for dairy cows follows: Total Dry Digestive Nutrients in 100 lbs. FEEDING STUFF Matter in Crude Carbohydrates 100 lbs. Protein Fat Total