All the time there is this split in the American art and art-consciousness. On the top it is as nice as pie, goody-goody and lovey-dovey. Like Hawthorne being such a blue-eyed darling, in life, and Longfellow and the rest such sucking doves. Hawthorne's wife said she "never saw him in time" which doesn't mean she saw him too late. But always in the "frail effulgence of eternity." Serpents they were. Look at the inner meaning of their art and see what demons they were. You _must_ look through the surface of American art, and see the inner diabolism of the symbolic meaning. Otherwise it is all mere childishness. That blue-eyed darling Nathaniel knew disagreeable things in his inner soul. He was careful to send them out in disguise. Always the same. The deliberate consciousness of Americans so fair and smooth-spoken, and the under-consciousness so devilish. _Destroy! destroy! destroy!_ hums the under-consciousness. _Love and produce! Love and produce!_ cackles the upper consciousness. And the world hears only the Love-and-produce cackle. Refuses to hear the hum of destruction underneath. Until such time as it will _have_ to hear. The American has got to destroy. It is his destiny. It is his destiny to destroy the whole corpus of the white psyche, the white consciousness. And he's got to do it secretly. As the growing of a dragon-fly inside a chrysalis or cocoon destroys the larva grub, secretly. Though many a dragon-fly never gets out of the chrysalis case: dies inside. As America might. So the secret chrysalis of _The Scarlet Letter_, diabolically destroying the old psyche inside. _Be good! Be good!_ warbles Nathaniel. _Be good, and never sin! Be sure your sins will find you out._ So convincingly that his wife never saw him "as in time." Then listen to the diabolic undertone of _The Scarlet Letter._ Man ate of the tree of knowledge, and became ashamed of himself. Do you imagine Adam had never lived with Eve before that apple episode? Yes, he had. As a wild animal with his mate. It didn't become "sin" till the knowledge-poison entered. That apple of Sodom. We are divided in ourselves, against ourselves. And that is the meaning of the cross symbol. In the first place, Adam knew Eve as a wild animal knows its mate, momentaneously, but vitally, in blood-knowledge. Blood-knowledge, not mind-knowledge. Blood-knowledge, that seems utterly to forget, but doesn't. Blood-knowledge, instinct, intuition, all the vast vital flux of knowing that goes on in the dark, antecedent to the mind. Then came that beastly apple, and the other sort of knowledge started. Adam began to look at himself. "My hat!" he said. "What's this? My Lord! What the deuce!--And Eve! I wonder about Eve." Thus starts KNOWING. Which shortly runs to UNDERSTANDING, when the devil gets his own.