E-text prepared by Stacy Brown, Thierry Alberto, and the Project Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading Team (http://www.pgdp.net) STUDIES IN LITERATURE AND HISTORY by the Late SIR ALFRED C. LYALL P.C., G.C.I.E., K.C.B., D.C.L., LL.D. London John Murray, Albemarle Street, W. 1915 PREFACE In the Second Series of his _Asiatic Studies_ the late Sir Alfred Lyall republished a number of articles that he had contributed to various Reviews up to the year 1894. After that date he wrote frequently, especially for the _Edinburgh Review_, and he left amongst his papers a note naming a number of articles from which he considered that a selection might be made for publication. The present volume contains, with two exceptions, the articles so mentioned, together with one that was not included by the author. A large number of Sir Alfred Lyall's contributions[1] to the Reviews deal, as might be expected, with India--with its political and administrative problems, or with the careers of its statesmen and soldiers. He appears, however, to have regarded such articles as not of sufficient permanent value for republication, and his selection was confined almost exclusively to writings on literary, historical or religious subjects. He made an exception in favour of an essay on his old friend Sir Henry Maine; but as the limitations imposed by the publisher made it necessary to sacrifice one of the larger articles, this essay was, with some reluctance, excluded. It dealt chiefly with Maine's influence on Indian administration and legislation; and would more appropriately be included in a collection of his writings on India, should these ever be published. While Indian official subjects have been excluded, readers of the earlier 'Studies' will recognise that many of the writings in this volume follow out lines of thought suggested in the earlier works, or apply in a larger sphere the results of observations made when the author was studying Indian myths and Indian religions in Berar, or the 'rare and antique stratification of society' in Rajputana. The two addresses on religion placed at the end of the volume form the most obvious example, but there is a close connection between a group of the other articles and the views developed in _Asiatic Studies_.