We find when the child grows and can give an account of what he notes
that his observation, while often surprisingly minute in particular
directions, is highly restricted as to its directions, being narrowly
confined within the limits of a few dominant attractions. Thus a child
will sometimes be so impressed with the colour of an object as almost to
ignore its form. A little girl of eighteen months, who knew lambs and
called them ‘lammies,’ on seeing two black ones in a field among some
white ones called out, “Eh! doggie, doggie!” The likeness of colour to
the black dog overpowered the likeness in form to the other lambs close
by. Within the limits of form-perception again, we may remark the
tendency to a one-sided mode of observing things which has in it
something of an abstract quality. For the child C. the pointed head was
the main essential feature of the dog, and he recognised this in a bit
of biscuit. We shall find further examples of this abstract observation
when we come to consider children’s drawings.
This same partiality of observation comes out very clearly in a good
deal of the early assimilation or apperception already referred to. The
reason why it is so easy for a child to superimpose a fanciful analogy
on an object of sense, is that his mind is untroubled by all the
complexity of this object. It fastens on some salient feature of supreme
attractiveness or interest, and flies away on the wings of this, to what
seems to us a far-off resemblance.
This detaching or selective activity in children’s observation, which in
a manner is a defect, is also a point of superiority. It has this in
common with the observation of the poet, that it is wholly engrossed
with what is valuable. Thus one main feature of the eye-lid is certainly
that it opens and closes like a curtain; and it is its resemblance to
the mysterious curtain shutting out the daylight, which makes it a
matter of absorbing interest. Here, then, we have, as we shall see more
fully presently, a true germ of thought-activity embedded in the very
process of childish observation and recognition. For thought is
precisely a more methodical process of bringing the concrete object into
its relations to other things.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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