Studies on Homer and the Homeric Age, Vol. 1 of 3: I. Prolegomena II. Achæis; or, the Ethnology of the Greek RacesGladstone, W. E. (William Ewart)
History
Studies on Homer and the Homeric Age, Vol. 1 of 3: I. Prolegomena II. Achæis; or, the Ethnology of the Greek Races
Gladstone, W. E. (William Ewart)
Civilization, Homeric; Epic poetry, Greek -- History and criticism; Homer
We have here a very remarkable assemblage of characteristics, which all
tend to prove, and I think very sufficiently prove, the Pelasgianism
of the Thesprotians. The humane and genial reception of the stranded
sea-farer is in exact accordance with the behaviour of the Egyptian
king[469], and his people to him on a previous occasion. The fact that
he was not enslaved, suggests it as most probable, that there were no
slaves in the Thesprotian country: which would entirely accord with
the position of the Pelasgians, as themselves not the conquerors of a
race that had preceded them, but the first inhabitants of the spots
they occupied in the Greek peninsula. The richness of their country
is further in harmony with the account of Egypt, and with their
addiction to agricultural pursuits. The feigned deposit by Ulysses of
his metallic stores with them proves, that they were not a predatory,
and therefore proves, for that period, that they were not a poor
people. The name Pheidon, or thrifty, given to the king, agrees with
the character which, as we shall elsewhere find, attaches in a marked
manner to Pelasgian proper names. And lastly, they were the subject of
attack by Taphian buccaneers; which tends to show their unoffending and
unaggressive character.
On the other side, we find them trading by sea to Dulichium: and we
find the crew of the trader attempting to kidnap Ulysses. But as the
Pelasgians were not in general navigators, it may very well have
happened that the trade of the country had fallen into the hands of
some distinct, possibly some Lelegian, or even some Hellenic race,
which may have settled there for the purpose of carrying on a congenial
employment, and which, like other traders of the time, would be ready
upon occasion to do a turn in the way of piracy. It is to be remembered
that there was a Thesprotian[470] Ephyre; which proves, as I believe,
an early infusion of some race connected with the Hellenic stem.
I conclude, therefore, from Homer, that the Thesprotians were
Pelasgian. And this conclusion is strongly sustained by the
extra-Homeric tradition. Herodotus states, that they were the parent
stock from whence descended the Thessalians[471], a report which I only
follow to the extent of its signifying an affinity between the early
settlers on the two sides of Mount Pindus. And Dionysius[472] appears
to imply the opinion, that they were Thesprotian Pelasgians who settled
in Italy.
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