Studies on Homer and the Homeric Age, Vol. 1 of 3: I. Prolegomena II. Achæis; or, the Ethnology of the Greek RacesGladstone, W. E. (William Ewart)
History
Studies on Homer and the Homeric Age, Vol. 1 of 3: I. Prolegomena II. Achæis; or, the Ethnology of the Greek Races
Gladstone, W. E. (William Ewart)
Civilization, Homeric; Epic poetry, Greek -- History and criticism; Homer
Scholiast cites for particular readings--
αἱ ἐκ τῶν πόλεων, xxi. 351.
αἱ ἀπὸ πόλεων, xxii. 51.
αἱ ἀπὸ τῶν πόλεων, xix. 386.
and on the other hand--
αἱ κατ’ ἄνδρα, xxii. 103.
as well as in other places, τινὲς τῶν πολιτικῶν (e. g. xxiv. 30), and
αἱ πλείους τῶν κατ’ ἄνδρα (xxiii. 88). It is therefore likely that
there was a national text, approximating to uniformity, and used in
common by those cities, the principal ones of Greece, which are not
quoted as having had texts of their own; for there is no reason, that
I am aware of, to suppose that the phrases αἱ πολιτικαὶ, and the rest
of those equivalent to it, are confined to the six editions. Now, while
the six State editions indicate a care probably dating from very early
times for the soundness of the text, the common State recension, if,
as appears probable, there was one, indicates a gradual convergence of
critical labours and of the public judgment in the generality of those
States, of which the people had the oldest, strongest, and most direct
interest in the Homeric poems.
There is a third form of common text, less perfect than either of the
others, of which abundant traces are found. We find mention of the
editions or copies called αἱ κοιναὶ, αἱ δημοτικαὶ, αἱ δημώδεις, and
they are sometimes described collectively, as on Iliad ii. 53, ἐν δὲ
ταῖς κοιναῖς ἐγέγραπτο καὶ τῇ Ζηνοδοτείῳ, βουλήν. Sometimes the greater
part of these κοιναὶ or δημώδεις have a particular reading. They all,
of all classes, varied more or less, and are distinguished according
to their merits, as φαυλαὶ, εἰκαιότεραι, μέτριαι, χαριέσταται. These
ordinary or public (not national) editions, prepared for sale in
the open book-market, were probably founded, in the main, on the
national text, but being intended for general sale, and not prepared
by responsible editors, they were ordinarily inferior. This Venetian
Scholiast was himself a critic, and wrote when the Æolic and Ionic
dialects were still in use, as appears from his references to them.[88]
The Scholia to the Odyssey supply the names of some editions besides
those which have been mentioned. One of these is the Αἰολὶς, or
Αἰολική;[89] another is ἡ ἐκ Μουσείου,[90] which is explained to
refer to the depository near the School at Alexandria; and a third ἡ
Κυκλικὴ,[91] which is interpreted to mean an edition in which the poems
of Homer were placed in a series with those of the Cyclical authors.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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