V : these 4 lines are expressing very Confucian ideas; Confucius himself said "Let a person be stimulated by poetry, established in character by the rules of propriety, and perfected by music." (Analects 8.8) W : the given symbol makes no sense here, but presumably means the opposite of "gorging" X : while the standard definition is "discipline", according to Waley it literally means "main thread" (as in "of the teaching") Y : presumably, do not pull desirable things towards you and push undesirable things away Z : creatures will not "cause harm" in that they will not confuse the senses or the heart/mind (mentioned above) This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0). You are free to download this work and share it with others as long as I retain credit for the work. But you cannot change or build on this work in any way, or use it commercially (that is, for your profit), without my permission.