came these extra men? Clearly for the most part from the non-seafaring classes. "The Navy in November, 1918, employed some 80,000 officers and men from the Merchant Service--viz. 20,000 R.N.R. ratings, 36,000 Trawler Reserve, and 20,000 mercantile seamen and firemen on Transport agreements, plus the officers. If the supposition, made in the absence of statistics, is correct that at this time the number of men in the Merchant Service itself had decreased proportionately to the loss of tonnage, it would seem that the Merchant Service needed no considerable inflow of men during the war. In other words, most of those added to the stock of seamen during the war must have gone into the Navy. This corresponds with known fact: the Navy has, in addition to the Reserve men already mentioned, nearly 200,000 men to demobilise in order to put its personnel on the footing on which it stood when war broke out. "It will be of interest to see how the personnel of the Navy expanded in former wars, and how at the peace it was invariably reduced to something like its pre-war figures. This can readily be done in tabular form: NAVAL PERSONNEL (_Numbers Voted_) Year Name of War Before War Maximum After the during War Peace 1689} 7,040 -- -- 1697}League of Augsburg -- 40,000 -- 1700} -- -- 7,000 1700} 7,000 -- -- 1712}Spanish Succession -- 40,000 -- 1713} -- -- 10,000 1738}Austrian 10,000 -- -- 1748}Succession -- 40,000 -- 1759} -- -- 10,000 1754} 10,000 -- -- 1762}Seven Years' War -- 70,000 -- 1764} -- -- 16,000 1775}American 18,000 -- -- 1783}Independence -- 110,000 -- 1785} -- -- 18,000 1793}French 16,000 -- -- 1801}Revolution -- 135,000 -- 1803} -- -- 50,000 1803} 50,000 -- -- 1812}Napoleonic War -- 145,000 -- 1817} -- -- 19,000